2019
DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.03.070
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Impact of activation on properties of carbon-based solid acid catalysts for the hydrothermal conversion of xylose and hemicelluloses

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Cited by 61 publications
(40 citation statements)
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“…The density of the -SO 3 H, -COOH and -OH groups of WCSA was determined using the Boehm titration with a slight modication. The method used was previously described in the literature by Lin et al 13…”
Section: Catalyst Characterization and Analysis Of The Total Reducingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The density of the -SO 3 H, -COOH and -OH groups of WCSA was determined using the Boehm titration with a slight modication. The method used was previously described in the literature by Lin et al 13…”
Section: Catalyst Characterization and Analysis Of The Total Reducingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, the carbon structure becomes more hydrophobic and less flexible, making it difficult to insert acidic groups in a later stage of functionalization (Zhong and Sels, 2018). In this case, it is common to use high concentrations of acids at elevated temperatures for more efficient functionalization (Ormsby et al, 2012;Villanueva and Marzialetti, 2018;Lin et al, 2019). On the other hand, the presence of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups in sulfonated carbon can make the surface more polar for substrate adsorption such as fructose and lead to hydrogen bond formation (Dong et al, 2015).…”
Section: Catalyst Characterizationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A wide variety of wastes, including coffee grounds (Gonçalves et al, 2016b), rice husks (Boonpoke et al, 2013), palm tree (Adinata et al, 2007), coconut (Daud and Ali, 2004), almond (González et al, 2009), glycerin and glycerol (Monteiro et al, 2018), has already been used for this process and the carbons obtained have a wide applicability, being used as catalysts in many hydrogenation reactions (Madduluri et al, 2020), environmental catalysis (Restivo et al, 2017), and photocatalysis (Velasco et al, 2013). The high temperatures used in the carbonization of these residues result in catalysts with poorly developed porosity and surface area, and some carbons undergo a later stage of chemical activation to increase both their porosity and surface area (Lin et al, 2019). Although several reaction types show a significant improvement in results, it is experimentally observed in carbohydrate dehydration that a higher selectivity to 5-HMF is not dependent on a higher surface area, but rather on a higher concentration of total acidic sites on the carbons surface (Wang et al, 2018).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…All catalysts were active for the dehydration of xylose to furfural, reaching product yields of 60% and xylose conversions up to 95%. When used directly on hemicellulose, yields to xylooligosaccharides (XOS) were as high as 60%, while furfural yields could reach 40% [79].…”
Section: Dehydration Of Xylose To Furfuralmentioning
confidence: 99%