Impact of a synthetic fungicide (fosetyl-Al and propamocarb-hydrochloride) and a biopesticide (Clonostachys rosea) on soil bacterial, fungal, and protist communities

Fournier, Bertrand; Santos, Sofia Pereira Dos; Gustavsen, Julia; Imfeld, Gwenaël; Lamy, Fabrice; Mitchell, Edward A. D.; Mota, Matteo; Noll, Dorothéa; Planchamp, Chantal; Heger, Thierry J.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139635

Cited by 65 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Nevertheless, current studies have also demonstrated off-target effects of fungicide on soil microbial communities [46][47][48]. In the present study, bacterial richness tends to decrease in response to fungicide treatment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 43%

Microbiome Management by Biological and Chemical Treatments in Maize is Linked to Plant Health

Kusstatscher¹,

Wicaksono²,

Thenappan³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The targeted application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) provides the key for a future sustainable agriculture with reduced pesticide application. PGPR interaction with the indigenous microbiota is poorly understood but essential to develop reliable applications. Therefore, Stenotrophomonas rhizophila SPA-P69 was applied as seed coating and in combination with a fungicide based on the active ingredients fludioxonil, metalaxyl-M, captan and ziram. Plant performance and rhizosphere composition of treated and non-treated maize plants of two field trials were analyzed. Plant health was significantly increased by treatment; however overall corn yield was not changed. By applying high-throughput amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA and the ITS genes, the bacterial and fungal changes in the rhizosphere due to different treatments were determined. Despite treatments had a significant impact on the rhizosphere microbiota (9- 12%), the field site was identified as main driver (27- 37%). Soil microbiota composition from each site was significantly different, which explains the site-specific effects. In this study we were able to show first indications how PGPR treatments increase plant health via microbiome shifts in a site-specific manner. This way first steps towards a detailed understanding of PGPRs and developments of consistently efficient applications in diverse environments are set.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 43%

Microbiome Management by Biological and Chemical Treatments in Maize is Linked to Plant Health

Kusstatscher¹,

Wicaksono²,

Thenappan³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another explanation is that the three biocides used against fungi and oomycetes primarily affected pathogens (as shown by the effect on root development), which did not result in much changes in the overall fungal/oomycete community structure. However, this second explanation is probably far less plausible as recent research suggested that pesticides can significantly alter the soil microbiome (Fournier et al 2020;Wang et al 2020). Interestingly, although bacteria were not the direct target of the soil biocide treatments, their community structure was profoundly affected, even 15 months after treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of fungal, oomycete and nematode interactions on apple root development in replant soil

Tilston¹,

Deakin²,

Bennett³

et al. 2020

CABI Agric Biosci

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Background Apple replant disease (ARD) is a phenomenon associated with poor tree establishment at sites where the same, or a closely-related species, has grown for at least 1–2 years. No single organism has been identified as the universal causal agent, but there is increasing evidence that multiple soil-borne plant pathogenic fungi and oomycetes form an ARD disease complex. Root damage caused by root lesion nematodes has also been implicated in facilitating the entry of pathogens into root tissues resulting in the development of severe ARD. Methods We used a reductionist approach to determine effects of one or more members of the ARD complex on ARD in a number of selected rootstock genotypes with contrasting characteristics. Through a 15-month pot-based experiment in which semi-selective biocides were applied to soil from a replant orchard, we investigated (1) the nature of the interactions (i.e. antagonistic, additive or synergistic) between different groups of soil biota and ARD severity, and (2) whether rootstock characteristics modify ARD severity. Results There might be competitive interactions between oomycetes and fungal pathogens in infecting apple roots and hence subsequent ARD development. Controlling all three ARD components (oomycetes, fungi, and nematodes) led to the best root development. However, these effects on root development were not manifested in the above-ground tree development 15 months after treatment. Specific soil biocide treatments against fungi and oomycetes led to large changes in soil microbial communities whereas the nematicide treatment led to least changes. In spite of the observed ARD, comparing rhizosphere microbial sequences among treatments failed to reveal candidate pathogens for ARD. Conclusions Candidate ARD oomycetes and fungal pathogens are likely to engage in competitive interactions among themselves in infecting apple roots. Although soil amendments affected soil microbiota, such effects appear to be very unpredictable.

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“…In alignment with a previous study by Nettes et al (2016) [ 45 ], the significant effect was primarily observed on the fungal community’s structure, but not on the fungal richness. Nevertheless, current studies have also demonstrated the off-target effects of fungicide on soil microbial communities [ 46 , 47 , 48 ]. In the present study, bacterial richness tends to decrease in response to fungicide treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome Management by Biological and Chemical Treatments in Maize Is Linked to Plant Health

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The targeted application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) provides the key for a future sustainable agriculture with reduced pesticide application. PGPR interaction with the indigenous microbiota is poorly understood, but essential to develop reliable applications. Therefore, Stenotrophomonas rhizophila SPA-P69 was applied as a seed coating and in combination with a fungicide based on the active ingredients fludioxonil, metalaxyl-M, captan and ziram. The plant performances and rhizosphere compositions of treated and non-treated maize plants of two field trials were analyzed. Plant health was significantly increased by treatment; however, overall corn yield was not changed. By applying high-throughput amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA and the ITS genes, the bacterial and fungal changes in the rhizosphere due to different treatments were determined. Despite the fact that treatments had a significant impact on the rhizosphere microbiota (9–12%), the field site was identified as the main driver (27–37%). The soil microbiota composition from each site was significantly different, which explains the site-specific effects. In this study we were able to show the first indications how PGPR treatments increase plant health via microbiome shifts in a site-specific manner. This way, first steps towards a detailed understanding of PGPRs and developments of consistently efficient applications in diverse environments are made.

show abstract

Impact of a synthetic fungicide (fosetyl-Al and propamocarb-hydrochloride) and a biopesticide (Clonostachys rosea) on soil bacterial, fungal, and protist communities

Cited by 65 publications

References 85 publications

Microbiome Management by Biological and Chemical Treatments in Maize is Linked to Plant Health

Microbiome Management by Biological and Chemical Treatments in Maize is Linked to Plant Health

Effect of fungal, oomycete and nematode interactions on apple root development in replant soil

Microbiome Management by Biological and Chemical Treatments in Maize Is Linked to Plant Health

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