Impact of a Synthetic Component on the Emission of Volatile Organic Compounds during the Combustion Process in a Miniature Turbine Engine

Abstract

This paper refers to the study of biofuel as an alternative power source for turbine aviation engines. Blends of Jet A-1 fuel and synthesized hydrocarbons from Hydrotreated Esters and Fatty Acids (HEFA) technology at different proportions, such as 25%, 50% and 75%, were used for tests. All the test results were compared with the neat Jet A-1 fuel. A miniature GTM series turbojet engine was used in the test rig studies. During the tests conducted at a specific rotational speed, selected engine operating parameters as well as the emission of volatile organic compounds were measured. In terms of engine performance, no significant differences were found between the test fuels. The results of volatile organic compound emissions indicate that among the most toxic compounds the highest concentrations were obtained for benzene. The addition of the HEFA synthetic component and increasing its proportion in the blend resulted in the obtained concentration values for benzene showing a decreasing trend. The plotted utility profile indicates that the most optimal blend, i.e., the least toxic, is the blend with the share (v/v) of 62.5% of Jet A-1 fuel and 37.5% of HEFA component.

Chromatographic Analysis of the Chemical Composition of Exhaust Gas Samples from Urban Two-Wheeled Vehicles

“…Analyses of this type require researchers to optimize sample collection and determine an appropriate analytical method. A literature review showed that scientists use a number of available methods of collecting research material and chromatographic methods, i.e., GC-MS [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14], LC-MS [15], TD-GC-MS [16] with sampling into sorbent tubes [14], feeding whole air or raw exhaust gases into Tedlar bags [9,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23], microextraction into the solid phase [24], or the flame ionization method [25][26][27]. In the work of other research centers [22,23], volatile organic compounds were collected from two-wheeled vehicles into a set of Tedlar bags.…”