Impact of a short-term diazinon exposure on the osmoregulation potentiality of Caspian roach (Rutilus rutilus) fingerlings

Biochemical and Histological Changes in Fish, Spotted Scat (Scatophagus argus) Exposed to Diazinon

“…The results achieved in the present study suggest that diazinon metabolites could be responsible for the observed injury to the kidney. Similar histological changes have been reported in the kidney of fish exposed to diazinon (Banaee et al 2011a, b;Khosravi et al 2014). …”

“…A possible justification for our findings might be due to defense mechanisms ); B diazinon-exposed (mg L -1 ; 24 h) fish: (a) degeneration of tubule (91,000); C diazinon-exposed (20 lg L -1 ; 96 h) fish: (a) degeneration of bowman's capsule, (b) destruction of tubule (91,000); and D diazinon-exposed (30 lg L -1 ; 96 h) fish: (a) destruction of tubule, (b) degeneration in the epithelial cells of tubule c expansion of space inside the bowman's capsule (91,000) and D diazinon-exposed (30 lg L -1 ; 96 h) fish: (a) destruction of tubule, (b) degeneration in the epithelial cells of tubule c expansion of space inside the bowman's capsule (91,000) of fish (S. argus) resulting in the increased distance between the aquatic environment and the blood and act as a barrier to the pollutants' entrance, These changes in the gill structure lead to impairment of oxygen uptake, and fish have to increase their respiration rate by compensating (Fernandes and Mazon 2003). Similar histological changes have been reported in the gills of fish exposed to sodium dodecyl sulfate (Rosety-Rodrdguez et al 2002), and diazinon at 0 (control), 1, 2, and 3 mg L -1 (Khosravi et al 2014). In addition to structural changes in the gill tissue, the kidney tissue was also affected.…”

“…A similar pattern was found in a number of fish species, suggesting that this is a generalized response to a variety of pollutants. For example, Khosravi et al (2014) reported increased cortisol levels in Caspian roach (R. rutilus) fingerlings exposed to diazinon at 0 (control), 1, 2, and 3 mg L -1 , Banaee et al (2011a, b) reported increased cortisol levels in rainbow trout (O. mykiss) exposed to diazinon at 1, 2, and 3 mg L -1 .…”

“…Consequently, any damage to the renal tissue could negatively impact fish physiology and ultimately survival. Although diazinon is somewhat water soluble (40 mg L -1 ), it is lipophilic and has a logKow 3 (Hornsby 1996). Biotransformation of diazinon through phase I (monooxygenase) and phase II (conjugase) enzymes is a requisite for detoxification and most of its solubilized metabolites are excreted by the kidney (Debski et al 2007).…”

The response of thyroid hormones, biochemical and enzymological biomarkers to pyrene exposure in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

“…Although the ionoregulatory parameters have been extensively studied in the toxicity assessment of heavy metals (Beaumont et al, 2000;Hoseini et al, 2014;Katuli et al, 2014a;Sathya et al, 2012), pharmaceuticals (Saravanan et al, 2011), alkylphenols (Sayed et al, 2011;Carrera et al, 2007) and pesticides (Suvetha et al, 2010;Katuli et al, 2014b), these biomarkers have been less used in the toxicology of PAHs. Our study demonstrated that the plasma electrolytes (sodium, potassium and calcium) are less suitable endpoints for the study of pyrene exposure as at all of the concentrations examined, pyrene did not significantly alter plasma ion level.…”