Impact of a benzoyl urea insecticide on aquatic macroinvertebrates in ditch mesocosms with and without non‐sprayed sections

Brock, T.C.M.; Roessink, Ivo; Belgers, J.D.M.; Bransen, Fred; Maund, Stephen J.

doi:10.1897/09-010.1

Cited by 37 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…The latter analytical tool helps determine the extent of the changes occurring in the community under exposure to the chemical(s) as well as their statistical significance. PRCs have been used to study the recovery of populations in agricultural ditches exposed to pesticides [139] and to compare the ecological effects of different insecticides applied to rice paddies [140].…”

Section: Mesocosms and Microcosmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Risk Assessment of Agrochemicals — A Critical Appraisal of Current Approaches

Sánchez‐Bayo¹,

Tennekes²

2015

Toxicity and Hazard of Agrochemicals

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This chapter provides insights into the difficulties and challenges of performing risk evaluations of agrochemicals. It is a critical review of the current methodologies used in ecological risk assessment of these chemicals, not their risks to humans. After an introduction to the topic, the current framework for ecological risk assessment is outlined. Two types of assessments are typically carried out depending on the purpose: i) regulatory assessments for registration of a chemical product; and ii) ecological assessments, for the protection of both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, which are usually site-specific. Although the general framework is well established, the methodologies used in each of the steps of the assessment are fraught with a number of shortcomings. Notwithstanding the subjectivity implicit in the evaluation of risks, there is scepticism in scientific circles about the appropriateness of the current methodologies because, after so many years of evaluations, we are still incapable of foreseeing the negative consequences that some agrochemicals have in the environment. A critical appraisal of such methodologies is imperative if we are to improve the current assessment process and fix the problems we face today. The chapter reviews first the toxicity assessment methods, pointing to the gaps in knowledge about this essential part of the process and suggesting avenues for further improvement. Deficiencies in the current regulations regarding toxicity testing are discussed, in particular the effect of the time factor on toxicity and the issue of complex mixtures.

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Section: Mesocosms and Microcosmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Risk Assessment of Agrochemicals — A Critical Appraisal of Current Approaches

Sánchez‐Bayo¹,

Tennekes²

2015

Toxicity and Hazard of Agrochemicals

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“…The methods followed are described in detail by Brock et al [26]. Each experimental ditch was divided into three sections of equal surface area (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous article describing this experiment, the treatment-related effects on macroinvertebrates in the total ditch as an experimental unit were reported and the observed latency of effects on insects and macrocrustaceans was discussed and explained [26]. This article has its focus on the comparison of treatment-related responses between sprayed and nonsprayed ditch sections.…”

Section: Effects and Recovery Of Macroinvertebrates In Sprayed Ditch mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We hypothesized that the magnitude and duration of effects on macroinvertebrates in the sprayed ditch sections would increase with increasing proportion of the ditch being sprayed, but that also treatment-related effects would be observed in nonsprayed ditch sections, and that these effects would be smaller at a larger distance from the treated ditch sections and when a smaller proportion of the ditch was sprayed. The focus of the present study is on differences in treatment-related responses of aquatic insects and macrocrustaceans, because they comprise the macroinvertebrate taxa that are likely to be directly affected at the lufenuron concentration applied [26]. Two previous articles describing different aspects of the same experiment dealt with the dynamics of lufenuron concentrations in water and the treatment-related responses of zooplankton [23], and the overall treatment-related responses of macroinvertebrates in the total ditch as experimental unit, with special attention to the relationships between the toxic mode of action of lufenuron and latency of effects and between direct and indirect effects [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The focus of the present study is on differences in treatment-related responses of aquatic insects and macrocrustaceans, because they comprise the macroinvertebrate taxa that are likely to be directly affected at the lufenuron concentration applied [26]. Two previous articles describing different aspects of the same experiment dealt with the dynamics of lufenuron concentrations in water and the treatment-related responses of zooplankton [23], and the overall treatment-related responses of macroinvertebrates in the total ditch as experimental unit, with special attention to the relationships between the toxic mode of action of lufenuron and latency of effects and between direct and indirect effects [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Macroinvertebrate responses to insecticide application between sprayed and adjacent nonsprayed ditch sections of different sizes

Brock

Belgers

Roessink

et al. 2010

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Under typical agricultural use of an insecticide, it is likely that only part of an edge-of-field drainage ditch will be directly contaminated by spray drift. The response, including recovery, of aquatic macroinvertebrates in sprayed ditch sections may be affected by immigration of organisms from adjacent nonsprayed ditch sections, but also the population dynamics in nonsprayed sections (refuges) may be affected by nearby contaminated patches (known as action at a distance). Experimental ditches were used to study the influence of the presence of nearby refuges on the responses of macroinvertebrates in ditch sections directly sprayed with the insecticide lufenuron, and vice versa. The treatment regimes differed in the proportion of the ditch (0, 33, 67, and 100% of surface area) that was sprayed to reach a lufenuron concentration of 3 microg/L in the water column of the sprayed ditch section. In sprayed ditch sections, clear treatment-related effects were observed for adult midges in the emergence traps and for aquatic arthropods (mainly juveniles) in the artificial substrate/sweep net samples. The extent in magnitude and duration of effects in sprayed ditch sections was overall larger when a larger proportion of the ditch was sprayed and/or the distance to the refuge was larger. In nonsprayed ditch sections of partially treated ditches, treatment-related effects were absent or minor for macroinvertebrates that predominantly dwell on or in the sediment compartment, particularly at a larger distance from the sprayed ditch sections. More mobile arthropods that predominantly dwell in the water column showed clear treatment-related effects in the nonsprayed ditch sections as well, but action at a distance was smaller if a smaller proportion of ditch was treated.

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A new application of principal response curves for summarizing abrupt and cyclic shifts of communities over space

et al. 2017

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Abstract. There is a growing need to easily describe and synthesize the dynamics of ecosystems' components in space and time. Most multivariate analyses provide ordination diagrams or biplots that are too cluttered to allow simple reading and are unfamiliar to most users. To overcome such difficulties, a novel application of principal response curves (PRCs) is proposed. Principal response curves are traditionally used to assess treatment effects on community structure measured repeatedly over time. In this new application, the tested factor and the repeated-observation axis are replaced by time and space, respectively. The georeferencing of sampling sites permits to produce an easy-to-read map that summarizes both the temporal dynamics of the community and the contribution of each species to these dynamics at each sampling site. A 24-yr-long time series of scientific surveys monitoring 77 fish and cephalopod species in the Eastern English Channel is used to illustrate the novel application of the PRC method. This new application could prove a relevant tool for the ecosystem approach to human activities management by providing spatialized indicators of community changes, as spatial monitoring tools are increasingly recommended for measuring the effectiveness of management actions.

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Impact of a benzoyl urea insecticide on aquatic macroinvertebrates in ditch mesocosms with and without non‐sprayed sections

Cited by 37 publications

References 51 publications

Environmental Risk Assessment of Agrochemicals — A Critical Appraisal of Current Approaches

Environmental Risk Assessment of Agrochemicals — A Critical Appraisal of Current Approaches

Macroinvertebrate responses to insecticide application between sprayed and adjacent nonsprayed ditch sections of different sizes

A new application of principal response curves for summarizing abrupt and cyclic shifts of communities over space

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