Impact of 4-methylbenzylidene camphor, daidzein, and estrogen on intact and osteotomized bone in osteopenic rats

Abstract

The study investigated the influence of 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC), daidzein, and estradiol-17b-benzoate (E 2 ) on either intact or osteotomized cancellous bone in ovariectomized (Ovx) rats. Three-month old Ovx rats were fed with soy-free (SF) diet over 8 weeks; thereafter, bilateral transverse metaphyseal osteotomy of tibia was performed and rats were divided into groups: rats fed with SF diet and SF diet supplemented with 4-MBC (200 mg), daidzein (50 mg), or E 2 (0 . 4 mg) per kilogram body weight. After 5 or 10 weeks, computed tomographical, biomechanical, histological, and ashing analyses were performed in lumbar spine and tibia of 12 rats from each group. 4-MBC and E 2 improved bone parameters in lumbar spine and tibia, were not favorable for osteotomy healing, and decreased serum osteocalcin level. However, daidzein improved bone parameters to a lesser extent and facilitated osteotomy healing. For lumbar spine, the bone mineral density was 338G9, 346G5, 361G6, and 360G5 mg/cm 3 in SF, daidzein, 4-MBC, and E 2 , respectively, after 10 weeks. For tibia, the yield load was 98G5, 114G3, 90G2, and 52G4 N in SF, daidzein, 4-MBC, and E 2 , respectively, after 10 weeks. Serum daidzein was 54G6 ng/ml in daidzein group and equol was not detected. Alp and Igf1 genes were down-regulated in callus after daidzein and E 2 compared with 4-MBC (week 5). The response of bone tissue and serum markers of bone metabolism could be ordered: daidzein!4-MBC!E 2 . Treatments were more effective after 5 vs 10 weeks. In SF group, bone structure was impaired after 5 weeks and improved after 10 weeks probably due to adaptation mechanisms to osteoporosis. In conclusion, it is conceivable that 4-MBC may improve bone tissue in osteoporotic organisms; osteoporotic patients with fractures could benefit from daidzein treatment.

Potential Antiosteoporotic Agents from Plants: A Comprehensive Review

“…One of the potential reasons for these inconsistencies could be due to the individual differences in the flavonoids metabolism. Recently, it has been suggested that the clinical effectiveness of flavonoids might partly depend on the ability to produce equol, a gut bacterial metabolite of daidzein showing stronger estrogenic activity than the predominant flavonoids [32, 33]. …”

Effect of alendronate or 8-prenylnaringenin applied as a single therapy or in combination with vibration on muscle structure and bone healing in ovariectomized rats

“…For histological analyses, the entire tibia was embedded in methyl methacrylate (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) and cut longitudinally at a thickness of 150 μm using diamond saw microtome (Leica SP 1600, Leica Biosystems GmbH, Nussloch, Germany) (Komrakova et al, 2011a, Komrakova et al, 2011b). Three central representative sections were microradiographed with the aid of faxitron Cabinet X-ray system (Hewlett-Packard, Buffalo Grove, IL, USA) using Kodak 100 NIF Industrex Film (SR45, Kodak) and mounted on glass slides with a medium (Eukitt, O Kindler GmbH, Freiburg, Germany).…”

Enhanced biosynthesis of O -desmethylangolensin from daidzein by a novel oxygen-tolerant cock intestinal bacterium in the presence of atmospheric oxygen

“…) and potential protective role for osteoporosis and menopausal symptoms (Komrakova et al . ). After ingestion, dietary isoflavones are subjected to degradation by specific isoflavone biotransforming bacteria in the gut.…”