Impact attenuation of user-centred bicycle helmet design with different foam densities

Mustafa, Helmy; Pang, Toh Yen; Perret-Ellena, Thierry; Nasir, Siti Hana

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1150/1/012043

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Shunfeng Li et al [11] developed a helmet inspection prototype using coupled headhelmet models and kinematic and biomechanical head injury criteria and found that helmet performance reduces head trauma from impacts improved by maximizing honeycomb filler and liner foam densities. Several research articles have been published on the topic of helmet liner materials, having various foam densities (50 kg/m 3 to 100 kg/m 3 ) affect the impact attenuation [12], agglomerated cork as impact energy absorbers [13], cross-linked high-density polyethylene foam [14], ABS plastic lamina [15], Auxetic PU foam [16]. Furthermore, honeycomb composites are lightweight, making them ideal for aviation helmet applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Structural improvement of 3D woven honeycomb composite liner for enhanced energy absorption and impact performance in aircrew helmet

Singh

Behera

2023

Preprint

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This study aims to enhance the performance of aircrew helmet liners made of 3D woven honeycomb composites through structural improvements. To achieve this, an optimization of the honeycomb design was carried out using a statistical tool by varying its geometrical parameters. A Box Behnken design was employed, using three independent factors: cell height, cell size, and cell wall thickness to assess its impact and their interactions on responses. The performance was evaluated using a multiobjective response to maximize impact energy absorption, achieve the target cushion factor, and balance relative density for lightweight design. Since the liner materials were subjected to flatwise compression and dynamic impact tests to assess their behavior. Additionally, relative density was determined to maintain structural integrity with weight. The results revealed that the honeycomb core with a cell height of 15 mm, a cell size of 10 mm, and a cell wall thickness of 0.6 mm exhibited good behavior. The response surface analysis and contour plots were used to analyze the interactions and combined effects of variables on each response. It was observed that lesser cell size shows significant improvement in impact energy with higher wall thickness. However, the cushion factor implies inadequate energy mitigation. The desirability analysis revealed that the model achieved a desirability of 94% to attain better performance of the aircrew helmet liner at its maximum optimum. This study provides valuable insights into the structural design of 3D woven honeycomb composite liners for aircrew helmets and its findings signify the potential for applications in the aerospace and defense industries.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Structural improvement of 3D woven honeycomb composite liner for enhanced energy absorption and impact performance in aircrew helmet

Singh

Behera

2023

Preprint

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“…Consequently, different strategies are being studied to overcome the mentioned drawbacks, such as the use of different densities in the same helmets [7], the use of other materials such as cork and cork agglomerates [8,9], and the use of composite materials in liners [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of additively manufactured triply periodic minimal surface structures under compressive loading

Buil

Ranz

Pascual

et al. 2020

Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures

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Triply periodic minimal surface structures (TPMS) can create tailored complex structures that could be a substitute for polymeric foams in certain applications, owing to the advantages of additive manufacturing processes. The main application is the absorption of energy under compression loads. Consequently, it is necessary to study the different types of TPMS structures (Neovious, gyroid, Schwarz-P, Lidinoid, split-P, and diamond) to analyze them in terms of their energy-absorbing capability, mechanical properties, effectivity, ideality, etc. Additionally, it is necessary to compare them in terms of volume and in terms of weight using the specific properties.

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“…The finite element model used in this study consisted of a 2 x 2 array with a cell width of 12.5mm, representing a 4 x 4 array with a total contact area of 50 x 50mm equivalent to 2500mm 2 . Contact area, however, is likely to change on a user-by-user basis as a function of head and helmet radii [47]. Previous investigations adopted a similar contact area values when investigating impact mitigation materials for helmet applications [32] although there seems to be little justification for this design choice.…”

Section: Single Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite element-based optimisation of an elastomeric honeycomb for impact mitigation in helmet liners

Adams

Townsend

Soe

et al. 2022

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

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Impact attenuation of user-centred bicycle helmet design with different foam densities

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

RETRACTED: Structural improvement of 3D woven honeycomb composite liner for enhanced energy absorption and impact performance in aircrew helmet

RETRACTED: Structural improvement of 3D woven honeycomb composite liner for enhanced energy absorption and impact performance in aircrew helmet

Characterization of additively manufactured triply periodic minimal surface structures under compressive loading

Finite element-based optimisation of an elastomeric honeycomb for impact mitigation in helmet liners

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