Impact assessment of biofouling resistant nano copper oxide–polyaniline coating on aquaculture cage nets

Ashraf, P. Muhamed; Lekshmi, N. Manju; Chinnadurai, S.; Anjitha, Sajeevan; Archana, Mathath; Kumar, Chirayil Meethalepurayil Vineeth; Sandhya, Kavitha Mandhiram; Gop, Ambarish P.

doi:10.1016/j.aaf.2022.01.002

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 32 publications

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“…A number of innovations have been explored by the finfish aquaculture industry in an attempt to improve the cost effectiveness and lower the environmental impacts of power washing, including novel antifouling coatings for nets [9,10], adding bubble streams around cages [11], in situ cleaning via net-crawling robots [12,13], and in situ cleaning with organisms such as the lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus [14,15]), ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta [16]), West Indian spider crab (Maguimithrax spinosissimus [17]), and California sea cucumbers (Apostichopus californicus [18]). Economic and environmental impact analyses reveal that a combined approach of biofouling prevention and active control methods will likely need to be used together in order to achieve a sustainable and permanent solution for the aquaculture industry [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Biofouling Control by the California Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus californicus) in Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) with Organic Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Montgomery,

Cannon,

Pearce

2023

Fishes

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The growth of biofouling on aquaculture infrastructure is a universal challenge. Standard industry practices to remove biofouling in finfish aquaculture typically include in situ net cleaning via power washing. Since those cleaning practices can be potentially harmful to fish-gill health and expensive, development of other non-toxic biofouling controls is an industry priority. Deposit-feeding sea cucumbers are potentially well suited for biofouling control due to their feeding mechanism, but remain relatively untested in this capacity. We examined the use of California sea cucumbers (Apostichopus californicus) to control biofouling on cages containing adult Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) at a commercial farming operation. Four cage types were established: cages with salmon and sea cucumbers, cages with salmon only, cages with sea cucumbers only, and cages without either species. Results showed that the sea cucumbers actively fed on biofouling when salmon were absent (~16% cleaner on average) but preferred to consume uneaten feed/faeces at the bottom of the cages, neglecting the biofouling, when the salmon were present. It is hypothesized that biofouling control in cages with salmon may be possible with an increased density of sea cucumbers. This is the first study to examine the use of sea cucumbers as a direct net biofouling control agent with adult fish. Our results will be beneficial for industry to develop standard operating procedures for using California sea cucumbers as a biofouling control and could contribute to the development of a management framework for sea cucumber/salmon integrated multi-tropic aquaculture.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Biofouling Control by the California Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus californicus) in Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) with Organic Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Montgomery,

Cannon,

Pearce

2023

Fishes

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Preliminary Results on the Antifouling Potential of Copper Wire and Dyneema® Fiber Combined Twines for Aquaculture Net Cages

Conides,

Kallias,

Cotou

et al. 2023

Wseas Transactions on Environment and Development

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Antifouling management for aquaculture cage nets has developed over the years to reduce the costs of cleaning the nets and minimize the damages caused to the nets by the encrustation of benthic organisms. There have been various approaches to this end such as using toxic paints (TBT-SPC, etc.) and nanomaterial coatings, mechanical cleaning using brushes, and constructing the net using copper alloys instead of nylon (or other) material, etc. We designed and constructed experimental fish farm nets substituting Dyneema® fibers with uncoated copper wire 0.15-0.2 mm in diameter by 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40% and deployed them in a commercial operating fish farm for almost 7 months. We examined their antifouling performance based on the percentage of mesh openness remaining by the end of the experimental period. The results showed that the antifouling performance increased with copper substitution level and peaked at a level of 29.79% and maximum mesh openness at 46.5%.

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Impact assessment of biofouling resistant nano copper oxide–polyaniline coating on aquaculture cage nets

Cited by 2 publications

References 32 publications

Exploring Biofouling Control by the California Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus californicus) in Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) with Organic Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Exploring Biofouling Control by the California Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus californicus) in Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) with Organic Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Preliminary Results on the Antifouling Potential of Copper Wire and Dyneema® Fiber Combined Twines for Aquaculture Net Cages

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