Impact and Fruit Properties Affect ‘Red Delicious’ Apple Susceptibility to Bruising

Abedi, Ghasem; Ahmadi, Ebrahim

doi:10.1080/15538362.2013.818495

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…At the pivot of the pendulum arm, an incremental optical encoder (Autonics E5058, Resolution 0.018, Korea) was mounted (Figure a). A four‐channel data acquisition and analyzer (ECON, AVANT Lite, model: MI‐6004) was used to measure the contact force, displacement, and displacement rate of the impactor within the impact (Abedi & Ahmadi, ; Van Zeebroeck et al, ). The constant height multiple impact method (CHMI) was used to estimate the critical impact energy level.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scanning electron microscopy study of microstructure damage and micromechanical behavior of potato tissue by impact during storage

Nikara

Ahmadi

Nia

2018

J Food Process Engineering

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Impact damage of potato occurs during handling, transportation, sorting, and storage. In this research, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was employed to investigate the micromechanical changes of potato tissue by applying impact levels of 0 (control), 0.032, 0.185, and 0.335 J over a 16‐week storage period. Specific gravity, moisture content, cell turgor pressure, mechanical properties of tissue were determined. The cell section area, cell perimeter, and cell roundness and impact damage were obtained through the analysis of SEM images. The analysis showed a significant correlation between micromechanical properties and physiological changes for impacted potato tissue during the storage (p < .01). With increasing impact energy and storage time, a statistically significant decrease occurred in water content, cell turgor pressure, and microstructural features. Variations in mechanical properties of non‐impacted potato tissue during storage included increased specific gravity and puncture parameters. The interaction between the impact levels and storage time on the impact damage was statistically significant (p < .05), so that a higher impact energy leads to an increase in the impact damage during storage time. It was indicated the largest distorted microstructure with maximum physiological alterations in storage duration. These results would be of great assistance in optimization and design of pressing machines, which are important for the development of the food industry. Practical applications This article examines the microstructural and micromechanical changes in the impacted potato tissue during storage. Moreover, it investigates the importance of controlling potato damage due to dynamic loads during harvest and post‐harvest processes, the role of the impact severity on the damage, and damage spread in tissue during the storage period. The electron microscope images of the impact location are reported in this article, which is helpful for predicting the damage in the potato tissue using finite element simulation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scanning electron microscopy study of microstructure damage and micromechanical behavior of potato tissue by impact during storage

Nikara

Ahmadi

Nia

2018

J Food Process Engineering

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“…The literature on determining the bruising of agricultural products under dynamic impact loading has explored various destructive and nondestructive experimental methods. The pendulum test has been widely utilized as a destructive method by researchers (Abedi & Ahmadi, 2013; Bajema & Hyde, 1998; Eissa et al, 2012; Komarnicki et al, 2016; Nikara et al, 2020; Xia et al, 2021; Xie et al, 2020, 2023; Yeşiloğlu Cevher, 2022). Nondestructive damage detection of agricultural products through various technologies has also been commonly studied (Chen & Sun, 1991; El‐Mesery et al, 2019; Firouzjaei et al, 2018; Lu & Lu, 2017; Nturambirwe & Opara, 2020; Wang et al, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the instantaneous bruising pattern in a sample potato tuber subjected to pendulum bob impact through finite element analysis

Çelik

Akinci

Erkan

et al. 2023

J Food Process Engineering

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Potato bruising resulting from mechanical impact during production operations including harvest and postharvest is a significant concern within the potato production sector, leading to consumer complaints and economic losses. The detection of instantaneous internal bruising poses a particular challenge as it can progress over time during storage or transportation, making it difficult to identify immediately after external impact. This study aims to investigate the progression of bruising and accurately represent the instantaneous dynamic deformation behavior of potato tubers under four pendulum bob impact cases (pendulum arm angles of 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°). To analyze the dynamic impact deformation characteristics of the tubers, solid modeling based on a reverse engineering approach and explicit dynamic engineering simulations were employed. The simulation results yielded valuable numerical data and visual representation of the deformation progression. The loading conditions considered in this study indicated that the maximum stress values, reaching 0.818 MPa at a pendulum arm angle of 90°, remained below the bio‐yield stress point of the tuber flesh (1.05 MPa) determined through experimental compression tests. Therefore, it was concluded that the impact did not cause permanent deformation (i.e., permanent bruising) in the tuber. However, the numerical analysis clearly demonstrated the sequence of stress occurrences, which is a key contributing factor to potential permanent bruising. In this regard, the bruising energy threshold of 318.314 mJ (R2: 0.96) was extrapolated. The numerical findings presented in this study can aid in evaluating the susceptibility of tuber samples to bruising. By employing nonlinear explicit dynamics simulations, this research contributes to the advancement of understanding complex deformation and bruising in solid agricultural products. Moreover, the application of these techniques holds significant industrial implications for enhancing the handling and transportation of agricultural produce.Practical applicationsThis research aims to tackle the challenge of accurately representing the immediate internal bruising pattern in potato tubers resulting from mechanical impact. Conventional methods, such as physical or analytical expressions, may not fully capture the distribution of bruising experienced by the tubers. To overcome this limitation, an engineering simulation approach is proposed to provide a more precise depiction of the instantaneous bruising pattern. By advancing the understanding of complex deformation and bruising in solid agricultural products, this research contributes to improving the efficiency and quality of agricultural production in the industry. Additionally, this study offers a step‐by‐step guide on how to conduct these simulations effectively.

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Determination of dynamic deformation behavior of Golden Delicious apple using finite element method and its validation by scanning electron microscopy

Chavoshi

Ahmadi

Nia

et al. 2023

Scientia Horticulturae

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Impact and Fruit Properties Affect ‘Red Delicious’ Apple Susceptibility to Bruising

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Scanning electron microscopy study of microstructure damage and micromechanical behavior of potato tissue by impact during storage

Scanning electron microscopy study of microstructure damage and micromechanical behavior of potato tissue by impact during storage

Determining the instantaneous bruising pattern in a sample potato tuber subjected to pendulum bob impact through finite element analysis

Determination of dynamic deformation behavior of Golden Delicious apple using finite element method and its validation by scanning electron microscopy

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