Impact and effectiveness of meningococcal vaccines: a review

Abstract

Objectives.To summarize and critically evaluate the evidence on the impact and effectiveness of meningococcal vaccination programs around the world in order to inform decisionmaking in Latin America and the Caribbean.Methods.A review of the literature was conducted following several components of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. PubMed Central® was searched for papers published in any language from January 1999 – March 2017.Results.In all, 32 studies were included, most of which evaluated the meningococcal C conjugate vaccine. Fourteen studies measured effectiveness and 30 measured impact. The effectiveness of polysaccharide vaccines was 65% – 83.7% (different age groups), while the effectiveness of the conjugate vaccines was 66% – 100%. Incidence decline of laboratory-confirmed meningococcal disease for the conjugate vaccine ranged from 77% – 100% among different ages groups. The only study that evaluated the protein subunit vaccine reported a vaccine effectiveness of 82.9%.Conclusions.The studies reviewed show impact and effectiveness of both polysaccharide vaccines and conjugate vaccines on vaccine-serogroup meningococcal disease. The conjugate vaccines, however, show higher impact and effectiveness with longer-lasting protection over the polysaccharide vaccines. Given the variance in potential use of a meningococcal vaccine, epidemiological surveillance systems should be strengthened to inform national decisions.

The Bacterial Meningitis Epidemic in Banalia in the Democratic Republic of Congo in 2021

“…Risk communication activities were implemented. The local, provincial, and national coordination committees of health emergencies conduct regular meetings [27,[34][35][36][37].…”

Analisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan ketepatan waktu vaksinasi Meningitis Meningokokus calon jamaah umroh di KKP Pontianak

“…8 Pemberian vaksinasi yang tidak tepat waktu menjadikan para jamaah umroh tetap berisiko untuk tertular penyakit Meningitis Meningokokus. Selain karena kekebalan tubuh yang dikhawatirkan belum terbentuk dengan baik, tingkat efektifitas pemberian vaksinasi berjenis polisakarida untuk penyakit ini sendiri baru mencapai 65%-83,7%, 9 dan ditambah lagi dengan belum pernah dilakukannya pengujian dalam penelitian eksperimental untuk mengukur tingkat efektifitas dalam pemberian kemoprofilaksis. 10 Hal ini tentu sangat mengkhawatirkan mengingat sampai dengan saat ini Meningitis masih merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kesakitan dan kematian di seluruh dunia dengan tingkat case fatality rate lebih dari 50%.…”

Cost-effectiveness analysis of vaccination strategies against meningococcal disease for children under nine years of age in China

“… 9 A review of effectiveness studies on meningococcal vaccines showed effectiveness rates of 65% ~ 83.7% for the polysaccharide vaccine and 66% ~ 100% for the conjugate vaccine, and concluded that conjugate vaccine had demonstrated higher effectiveness with longer-lasting protection. 10 The strengths of conjugate vaccine in terms of immunological memory and protection have also been documented in toddlers who do not respond well to polysaccharide vaccines. 11 Given the comprehensive and effective protection offered by polyvalent conjugate vaccines, global trends in vaccination strategies against meningococcal disease have shifted toward the replacement of monovalent vaccines with polyvalent vaccines and the replacement of polysaccharide vaccines with conjugate vaccines, and many countries have incorporated MCV-4 into their NIPs, such as the US, the UK, Canada, etc.…”