Impact and cost-effectiveness of short-course tuberculosis preventive treatment for household contacts and people with HIV in 29 high-incidence countries: a modelling analysis

Situation Analysis of Early Implementation of Programmatic Management of Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment among Household Contacts of Pulmonary TB Patients in Delhi, India

“…Studies in India revealed suboptimal implementation of the erstwhile IPT program, prompting various interventions to improve its uptake and effectiveness [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. A similar trend is observed in other countries as well [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Ideally, the implementation of TPT for all household contacts since January 2022 should have been smooth, considering the prior experiences of implementing IPT.…”

“…Concerns regarding the current TPT drugs (6H regimen) including their long duration, daily intake, compliance, and side effects were raised. The new 3HP regimen may address the majority of them while at the same time being cost-effective and improving completion rates [ 21 , 22 , 27 , 33 ]. With regard to TPT-completion information, we opted not to mention its rate.…”

Prevent TB to end TB

“…Preventive therapy eradicates M tuberculosis , preventing onward progression to active disease and transmission. Modelling studies show that wider use of preventive therapy is essential alongside intensive active case finding to achieve progress in driving down TB prevalence and incidence 567. Implementation is not a trivial task, but focusing on household contacts with appropriate counselling can achieve high success rates.…”

“…In recent years, preventive regimens—which include the drug rifapentine (a long acting rifamycin) and isoniazid given once a week for three months8 and other variations69101112—have been studied extensively,56 generating robust evidence of safety and efficacy 13. These newer, shorter, and safer regimens are endorsed by WHO 13.…”

“…Governments need to accept that TB preventive therapy is a cost effective intervention6 and urgently prioritise its expanded use, in line with the “key asks” of patient groups at the UN high level meeting 23. TB elimination is a complex undertaking that will require sustained collective action.…”