Impact analysis of mobile phone electromagnetic radiations on human electroencephalogram

Abstract

The experimental study of electromagnetic interference of mobile phone radiations on brain waves is a contemporary research area and the ever-increasing use of mobile phones make it more imperative to explore the problem area in detail. Electromagnetic signal from mobile phones operating in Global System for Mobile (GSM) and wide band code division multiple access (WCDMA), has been considered in this paper and their interference impacts have been analyzed on the human electroencephalogram (EEG). The impact on brain waves i.e., delta, theta, alpha, beta and gamma waves are analyzed in five modes namely ideal mode i.e., when mobile phone is not in use, transmission mode and the receiving modes of second generation (2G) and third generation (3G) networks. The data has been acquired from 75 young and healthy students of a post graduate institute while the students were making their routine calls. The acquired EEG signal is analyzed using various parameters viz.; Approximate Entropy(ApEn), Largest Lyapunov Exponent (LLE), Hurst Exponent (HE), Correlation dimension (CD) and the power of the brain waves have also been analyzed. It has been found that due to mobile phone usage, there is variation in the nonlinear parameters and increase in the power of the alpha brain waves at T5O1 during 3GRx and decrease in alpha power at the P4O2 channel in all modes. It has been observed that the change at the right temporal region is more, the side to which mobile phone was held. The Statistical analysis has also been done using SPSS software which shows significant variations at some of the channels in different modes.

The effect of short-term electromagnetic fields caused by mobile phones on the electrical activity of alpha and beta brain waves

“…Average, min, max, std, skew, kurtosis, FFT (Max F, Max value), PSD (Max F and Max power) parameters were examined, and recording was done in four stages (eye closed and open, mobile phone exposure and no exposure recording). In the study, the frequency range of the Alpha waves was found in the normal range (8)(9)(10)(11)(12). In our study, we found 10.55 Hz with eyes closed, 11.04 Hz with eyes open, GSM-EMF group 10.86 Hz, control group (no phone) 9.91 Hz.…”

“…Electromagnetic field measurement was performed with PCE EM-29 electromogmeter. The electric field was 49.02 V/m, the magnetic field was 243.1 mA/m, and the energy density was 11.80 mW/m2 [3,8,9].…”

“…As a result of short-term (approximately 3.5 minutes) exposure of 900 MHz electromagnetic field, it is reported that it does not cause any change in spectral power intensity in awake EEGs [8]. In the research carried out by the researchers on brain electroencephalography of the cell phoneinduced electromagnetic field, it was reported that visible and measurable changes were observed in all five brain waves with short-term exposure time [9]. In light of the above-mentioned discussions, the aim of our study is to investigate whether healthy young people exposed to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields published on mobile phones are at any risk.…”