Impact Abrasive Machining

Ali, Y.M.; Wang, Jun

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-7302-3_9

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…The abrasive waterjet operation can be classified as a form of impact abrasive machining; it uses a mixture of fluid and solid particles, impacts the surface of a target workpiece and causes either permanent deformation or material removal [ 40 ]. In our AWJ machine, the abrasive mass flow rate is 32.5 g/s and the nominal size of particles is 0.18 mm; this amounts to ~4 × 10 6 particles per second, which is only four particles per microsecond.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Steel Structure on Machinability by Abrasive Water Jet

et al. 2020

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Although the abrasive waterjet (AWJ) has been widely used for steel cutting for decades and there are hundreds of research papers or even books dealing with this technology, relatively little is known about the relation between the steel microstructure and the AWJ cutting efficiency. The steel microstructure can be significantly affected by heat treatment. Three different steel grades, carbon steel C45, micro-alloyed steel 37MnSi5 and low-alloy steel 30CrV9, were subjected to four different types of heat treatment: normalization annealing, soft annealing, quenching and quenching followed by tempering. Then, they were cut by an abrasive water jet, while identical cutting parameters were applied. The relations between the mechanical characteristics of heat-treated steels and the surface roughness parameters Ra, Rz and RSm were studied. A comparison of changes in the surface roughness parameters and Young modulus variation led to the conclusion that the modulus was not significantly responsible for the surface roughness. The changes of RSm did not prove any correlation to either the mechanical characteristics or the visible microstructure dimensions. The homogeneity of the steel microstructure appeared to be the most important factor for the cutting quality; the higher the difference in the hardness of the structural components in the inhomogeneous microstructure was, the higher were the roughness values. A more complex measurement and critical evaluation of the declination angle measurement compared to the surface roughness measurement are planned in future research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Steel Structure on Machinability by Abrasive Water Jet

et al. 2020

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“…Nevertheless, according to the tribology nomenclature, Ali & Wang (2011) claim that when material removal is favorable, the correct term is machining; when material removal is unfavorable, then it is called wear (e.g. damage in pipes carrying abrasive slurry).…”

Section: Phenomena Involved In Awj Rock Cuttingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When it is released through the jewel, the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, producing a high velocity waterjet (ALI & WANG, 2011). Figure 12 shows the main processes involved in the cutting of brittle materials with abrasive waterjets.…”

Section: Phenomena Involved In Awj Rock Cuttingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the influence of water flow in the course of AWJ cutting is still an unsolved problem and further work is required to clarify this problem. Some authors such as Ali & Wang (2011) claim that the water does not act directly in material removal, though it has an important role in the transfer of energy to accelerate the abrasive particles, guide and converge them through the jet, remove debris from the kerf and reduce the heat generated by friction. However, there are several authors who think that the water contributes to the effectiveness of the cut, as Harris & Mellor (1974), Hurlburt et al (1975), Rehbinder (1977) and Hagan (1992).…”

Section: Phenomena Involved In Awj Rock Cuttingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Ali & Wang (2011), erosion takes place when a jet removes material from a target by impacting at a near-normal angle. When the impact is near-tangent angle, i.e.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Rock Disaggregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rock cutting by abrasive water jet: an energy approach

Arab¹

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Abrasive waterjet (AWJ) cutting is a versatile technique which has been effectively applied to rock cutting since the late 1980s. The complexity of the interaction between the waterjet and the rocks complicates the thorough understanding of the phenomena involved in AWJ rock cutting. On one hand, rocks are complex materials which are generated through different processes in an uncontrolled environment without human interference. On the other hand, the AWJ acts with high velocity and turbulence, complicating direct observation and the perception of details. In this respect, the present research aims to contribute to the study of AWJ cutting applied to rocks, including the analysis of qualitative and quantitative information, both of great importance regarding the study of complex materials. Concerning quantitative data, special attention is given to the investigation of the cutting efficiency, which can be analyzed by observing conditions in which the higher cutting rate is associated with the minimum energy provided by the AWJ machine per removed volume of rock. Moreover, the real efficiency can be analyzed through the investigation of the conditions in which the major part of the energy provided by the AWJ machine is used effectively for rock cutting, deducting dissipation losses. The effects of varying traverse velocity and pump pressure on cutting parameters were also investigated, in addition to the influence of rock properties on the effective energy of cutting. The effective energy was calculated based both on the specific energy and specific destruction work of the materials. With respect to the qualitative investigation, petrographic and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses were conducted in order to visualize and better understand the different effects of cutting on the studied rocks.Cutting tests with a traverse velocity of 200 mm/min and a pump pressure of 400 MPa presented the most efficient rock cutting regarding both methods of efficiency analysis. Dry density and tensile strength presented fair correlations with the effective cutting energy, while the modulus ratio presented the best correlations. It was observed that brittleness plays a key role in the understanding of the phenomena involved in AWJ rock cutting.

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