2022
DOI: 10.1055/a-1936-3123
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Immunvermittelte Sinus- und Hirnvenenthrombosen: VITT und prä-VITT als Modellerkrankung

Abstract: ZusammenfassungIn diesem Übersichtsartikel beschreiben wir die klinischen und paraklinischen Charakteristika der Vakzin-induzierten immunthrombotischen Thrombozytopenie (VITT) und fassen den gegenwärtigen Kenntnisstand zur Pathogenese zusammen. Bei der VITT bilden sich 5–20 Tage nach einer Impfung mit einem Adenovirus-vektorbasiertem SARS-CoV-2-Vakzin (AstraZeneca oder Johnson & Johnson) lebensbedrohliche Th… Show more

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Cited by 4 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is a rare but extremely dangerous (and frequently fatal) side effect of adenoviral (Ad) vectored vaccines that came to light during their massive roll-out and use in the COVID-19 pandemic . VITT typically occurs within 4–28 days of vaccination and has a distinct clinical profile (thromboses at unusual sites, such as cerebral venous sinus thrombosis , in combination with thrombocytopenia) and a high mortality rate . Despite the low incidence rate (ranging from 3 to 36 cases per million doses for ChAdOx1-S and three- to four-fold lower for human Ad-vectored vaccines , ), VITT became one of the major factors contributing to the vaccine hesitancy phenomenon and undermining the global vaccination effort during the pandemic. Although all VITT cases reported so far had been linked to COVID-19 vaccines, the close association of this thrombopathy with a specific delivery vector raises a specter of other Ad-vectored vaccines being able to trigger VITT, an alarming prospect given the popularity of this platform …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is a rare but extremely dangerous (and frequently fatal) side effect of adenoviral (Ad) vectored vaccines that came to light during their massive roll-out and use in the COVID-19 pandemic . VITT typically occurs within 4–28 days of vaccination and has a distinct clinical profile (thromboses at unusual sites, such as cerebral venous sinus thrombosis , in combination with thrombocytopenia) and a high mortality rate . Despite the low incidence rate (ranging from 3 to 36 cases per million doses for ChAdOx1-S and three- to four-fold lower for human Ad-vectored vaccines , ), VITT became one of the major factors contributing to the vaccine hesitancy phenomenon and undermining the global vaccination effort during the pandemic. Although all VITT cases reported so far had been linked to COVID-19 vaccines, the close association of this thrombopathy with a specific delivery vector raises a specter of other Ad-vectored vaccines being able to trigger VITT, an alarming prospect given the popularity of this platform …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Despite having several distinct features, such as the unusual anatomical localization of thromboses, , clinical presentation of VITT is strikingly similar to another immune-mediated blood disorder, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) . At the molecular level, both VITT and HIT are associated with the emergence of antibodies recognizing a small chemokine, platelet factor 4 (PF4). , Since the anti-PF4 antibodies play a central role in HIT pathogenesis, structural characterization of VITT-associated anti-PF4 antibodies may shed light on the etiology of this vaccination side effect as well as offer viable treatment and prophylaxis options.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…5−7 Lastly, the close association of VITT with a specific delivery vector questions the safety of other Ad-vectored vaccines (both existing and those at the development stage), an alarming prospect given the growing popularity of this platform. 8 Despite having several distinct features, such as the unusual anatomical localization of thromboses, 9,10 clinical presentation of VITT is strikingly similar to another immune-mediated blood disorder, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). 11 At the molecular level, both VITT and HIT are associated with the emergence of antibodies recognizing a small chemokine, platelet factor 4 (PF4).…”
Section: ■ Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…5 Lastly, the close association of VITT with a specific delivery vector naturally invites the question of whether this side effect should be expected for other Ad-vectored vaccines (both existing and those that are still at the development stage), an alarming prospect given the growing popularity of this platform. 6 Despite having several distinct features, such as thromboses at unusual sites (including cerebral venous sinus thrombosis 7 ), clinical presentation of VITT is strikingly similar to another immune-mediated blood disorder, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). 8 At the molecular level, both VITT and HIT are associated with the emergence of antibodies recognizing a small chemokine, platelet factor 4 (PF4).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%