Immunsuppressive Therapie bei Hunden und Katzen. Eigenschaften von Wirkstoffen und ihre Anwendung bei verschiedenen immunvermittelten Erkrankungen

Rieder, Johanna; Mischke, R.

doi:10.15654/tpk-180274

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K

2018

DOI: 10.15654/tpk-180274

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Immunsuppressive Therapie bei Hunden und Katzen. Eigenschaften von Wirkstoffen und ihre Anwendung bei verschiedenen immunvermittelten Erkrankungen

Johanna Rieder¹,

R. Mischke²

Abstract: ZusammenfassungTierärzte werden regelmäßig mit der Diagnose und Therapie immunvermittelter Erkrankungen konfrontiert. Zu den häufigeren Erkrankungen gehören die immunvermittelte hämolytische Anämie, die immunvermittelte Thrombozytopenie und Polyarthritis. Aufgrund ihrer Verfügbarkeit, Effizienz und schnellen Wirkung sind Glukokortikoide Mittel der ersten Wahl. Einige Patienten mit immunvermittelten Erkrankungen sprechen jedoch nicht auf eine alleinige Therapie mit Glukokortikoiden an. Bei anderen Patienten mus… Show more

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Cited by 5 publications

References 111 publications

(177 reference statements)

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Nicht-regenerative Anämien bei der Katze

Keiner¹,

Reck²

2022

kleintier konkret

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Nicht-regenerative Anämien sind die häufigste Anämieform bei der Katze. Betroffene Patienten fallen meist mit unspezifischen Symptomen auf und die Diagnosestellung kann aufwendig sein. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über mögliche Entstehungsursachen, Diagnose- und Therapiemöglichkeiten sowie Langzeitprognosen nicht-regenerativer Anämien mit besonderem Augenmerk auf die selektive erythroide Aplasie (PRCA, Pure Red Cell Aplasia) und die nicht-regenerative immunmediierte hämolytische Anämie (NRIMHA).

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Nicht-regenerative Anämien bei der Katze

Keiner¹,

Reck²

2022

kleintier konkret

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Retrospective evaluation of leflunomide as an adjunctive therapy in dogs with non‐associative immune‐mediated thrombocytopenia: 20 cases (2008‐2021)

Spear,

Crouse,

Kearns

2024

J of Small Animal Practice

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ObjectiveTo describe leflunomide as an adjunctive therapy in the treatment of non‐associative immune‐mediated thrombocytopenia.Materials and MethodsA retrospective study of dogs with a diagnosis of non‐associative immune‐mediated thrombocytopenia treated with leflunomide March 2008 to September 2021 was conducted. Data collected included signalment, clinical signs, physical examination findings and diagnostic testing performed. Medications administered, duration of hospital stay, time to platelet concentration >150×109/L and adverse events during leflunomide therapy were recorded. Relapses within a year of diagnosis were reported.ResultsA total of 20 client‐owned dogs met inclusion criteria. Nineteen of 20 dogs (95%) achieved a platelet concentration >150×109/L with leflunomide and prednisone combination therapy and four dogs (21.1%) relapsed during treatment or shortly after treatment. Adverse effects included diarrhoea (n=5), mild lymphopenia (n=9) and mild intermittent anaemia (n=1). A single dog developed hepatotoxicity presumed to be secondary to leflunomide therapy that resolved after drug discontinuation. One dog was treated for aspiration pneumonia during treatment. Two dogs were euthanased while receiving leflunomide.Clinical SignificanceLength of hospitalisation, time to platelet recovery, treatment response and relapse rate were comparable with alternative treatment protocols. Most adverse effects did not require leflunomide dose adjustment; however, two dogs died while undergoing leflunomide treatment and there is compelling evidence that one of these dogs experienced fatal infection secondary to immune‐suppression. Hepatotoxicity remains a known complication of leflunomide treatment and serial biochemistry testing is recommended.

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Evaluating the use of cytosine arabinoside for treatment for recurrent canine steroid‐responsive meningitis‐arteritis

et al. 2020

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BackgroundRelapses in steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis (SRMA) are frequently observed but specific treatment protocols to address this problem are sparsely reported. Standard treatment includes prolonged administration of glucocorticoids as monotherapy or in combination with immunosuppressive drugs. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of cytosine arabinoside (CA) in combination with glucocorticoids for treatment of SRMA relapses in 12 dogs on a retrospective basis.MethodsDogs with recurrent episodes of SRMA and treated with a combination of CA and prednisolone were included. Information about clinical course, treatment response and adverse events was collected from medical records. Ethical approval was not required for this study.ResultsTen dogs (10/12) responded well to the treatment with clinical signs being completely controlled. One dog is in clinical remission, but still under treatment. One dog (8%) showed further relapse. Mean treatment period was 51 weeks. Adverse events of variable severity (grade 1–4/5) were documented in all dogs during treatment according to the veterinary cooperative oncology group grading. Three dogs developed severe adverse events. Laboratory findings showed marked changes up to grade 4. Diarrhoea and anaemia were the most often observed adverse events (6), followed by dermatitis (4), alopecia (3) and pneumonia (3). Including blood chemistry changes (13), 50 adverse events were found in total.ConclusionTreatment with CA and glucocorticoids resulted in clinical remission in 10/12 dogs, but a high incidence of adverse events occurred requiring additional measures. All adverse events could be managed successfully in all cases.

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Immunsuppressive Therapie bei Hunden und Katzen. Eigenschaften von Wirkstoffen und ihre Anwendung bei verschiedenen immunvermittelten Erkrankungen

Cited by 5 publications

References 111 publications

Nicht-regenerative Anämien bei der Katze

Nicht-regenerative Anämien bei der Katze

Retrospective evaluation of leflunomide as an adjunctive therapy in dogs with non‐associative immune‐mediated thrombocytopenia: 20 cases (2008‐2021)

Evaluating the use of cytosine arabinoside for treatment for recurrent canine steroid‐responsive meningitis‐arteritis

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