Immunotoxicity of Technical Pentachlorophenol (PCP-T): Depressed Humoral Immune Responses to T-dependent and T-independent Antigen Stimulation in PCP-T Exposed Mice

Kerkvliet, Nancy I.; Baecher-Steppan, L; Claycomb, A.T.; Craig, A. Morrie; Sheggeby, Gene G.

doi:10.1093/toxsci/2.2.90

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Compromised resistance to virus infection has been reported in HAH-exposed mice challenged with Herpes type II (18), Herpes simplex (70), ectromelia (70) or influenza viruses (101) whereas resistance to infection by Herpes suis (159) or EMCV (77) was not altered. Resistance to the parasite Plasmodium berahei was not altered following exposure to PCB (Aroclor 1242 or 1016) or PBB (108,110).…”

Section: Exon Kerkvliet and Talcottmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotoxicity of carcinogenic pesticides and related chemicals

Exon

Kerkvliet

Talcott

1987

Environmental Carcinogenesis Reviews

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Section: Exon Kerkvliet and Talcottmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotoxicity of carcinogenic pesticides and related chemicals

Exon

Kerkvliet

Talcott

1987

Environmental Carcinogenesis Reviews

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“…There is increasing evidence that environmental contaminants can alter physiological systems that resist infection in vertebrates (Kerkvliet et al 1982, Fairbrother and Fowles 1990, Schuurman et al 1991. Further, alteration of the immune response can occur at concentrations well below those causing overt signs of toxicity and the adverse effects of immunotoxic agents may persist long after other effects can be detected (Kerkvleit et al 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Fog Oil Smoke on Immune Responses in the House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) and Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus)

Driver¹,

Jarrell²,

Ollero³

et al. 2004

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ABSTRACT:In response to questions about the effects of military use of fog oil (FO) obscurant smoke, the sensitivity of cell-mediated constituents of the immune system to FO smoke was tested using an avianpox challenge in red-winged blackbirds. Although immunosuppression has been observed in seabirds that have ingested petrochemicals, the immune response in blackbirds exposed to airborne FO was not compromised. The incidence and severity of disease was somewhat less and recovery more advanced in the FO-exposed blackbirds than in controls. Circulating antibody titers to sheep red blood cells were measured in house sparrows by hemagglutination titration. No differences in total, 2-mercaptoethanol-sensitive, or 2-mercaptoethanol-resistant antibody titers were observed, suggesting that humoral immunity is also unaffected by high field-typical FO exposure. Total and differential white blood cell counts were not depressed and spleen mass and structure were not affected in any of the birds exposed to the airborne FO, further indicating that the smoke did not compromise the nonspecific immune function of the birds. No FO-induced mortality, organ pathology, or end point metabolites were observed in either passerine species. These data indicate that the use of FO at normal field concentrations is unlikely to result in decreased immunological fitness of exposed birds. DISCLAIMER:The contents of this report are not to be used for advertising, publication, or promotional purposes. Citation of trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial products. All product names and trademarks cited are the property of their respective owners. The findings of this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position unless so designated by other authorized documents.

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“…Recently studies have shown that the contaminating formation products of PCP are immunotoxic and capable of affecting acquired immune responses [5][6][7]. KERKVLIET et al demonstrated that when incorporated in the diet of mice, Technical Grade PCP produced a dosedependent suppression in various humoral immune response parameters [5] as well as depressing T-cell cytolytic activity and enhancing tumor susceptibility [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of mouse complement activity by contaminants of technical grade pentachlorophenol

White

Anderson

1985

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Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is an antimicrobial agent used chiefly for the preservation of wood. Subchronic oral exposure (14 days) to Technical Grade PCP significantly inhibited the functional activity of female B6C3F1 mouse complement when measured in a microtiter hemolytic assay. When evaluated one day following the final exposure the highest administered dose (100 mg/kg) significantly suppressed the Classical complement pathway, the Spontaneous C1 autoactivation pathway, the Alternate pathway and the level of complement component, C3. Reconstitution studies using C5-deficient serum also demonstrated deleterious effects on this complement component. The Classical pathway was the most sensitive to Technical Grade PCP effects. Animals treated with 100 mg/kg Technical Grade PCP had CH 50 levels 30% of vehicle controls. Animals treated for 14 days and allowed a 15 day recovery period had CH 50 values 36% of control and animals which recovered for 30 days had only 52% of the complement activity of control animals. C3 recovery studies also demonstrated continued suppression on days 15 and 30 post-final exposure. Doses of 10 and 30 mg/kg did not produce the marked effects observed with the highest dose; however, a dose-dependent trend was observed for all responses. Animals treated with 100 mg/kg of EC-7, a PCP preparation with reduced amounts of contaminating dioxins and dibenzofurans, did not demonstrate detrimental effects on the complement system.

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Immunotoxicity of Technical Pentachlorophenol (PCP-T): Depressed Humoral Immune Responses to T-dependent and T-independent Antigen Stimulation in PCP-T Exposed Mice

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Immunotoxicity of carcinogenic pesticides and related chemicals

Immunotoxicity of carcinogenic pesticides and related chemicals

Effects of Fog Oil Smoke on Immune Responses in the House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) and Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus)

Suppression of mouse complement activity by contaminants of technical grade pentachlorophenol

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