Immunotoxicity of paraquat after subacute exposure to mice

Riahi, Bamdad; Rafatpanah, Houshang; Mahmoudi, Mahmoud; Memar, Bahram; Brook, Azam; Tabasi, Nafiseh; Karimi, Gholamreza

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2010.03.036

Cited by 46 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The results of this study also suggested that PRQ at higher concentrations can deplete immune functions, but it can alter immune responses towards the proinflammatory profiles at lower concentrations. However, another study held in BALB/C mice revealed suppression of cellular as well as humoral immunity at dose 1 mg/kg given intraperitoneally for 21 days but no change at dose 0,01 mg/kg (Riahi et al, 2010). Thus, the outcomes of the effects of PRQ on immunity are route of exposure-and timingdependent since slight discrepancies are evident between these two studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Environmental pollutants parathion, paraquat and bisphenol A show distinct effects towards nuclear receptors-mediated induction of xenobiotics-metabolizing cytochromes P450 in human hepatocytes

et al. 2015

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Environmental pollutants parathion, paraquat and bisphenol A show distinct effects towards nuclear receptors-mediated induction of xenobiotics-metabolizing cytochromes P450 in human hepatocytes

et al. 2015

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“…Interestingly, carnosol, at doses of 2.4 and 4 mg/kg/day, was able to inhibit acquired immunity higher than cyclophosphamide, which is a known potent immunosuppressant. A significant decrease in DTH and HA may suggest a direct effect on the activation and differentiation of the T and B lymphocytes, respectively (14). Acquired immunity includes two arms: the effector B-cell arm and effector Tcell arm, which act together to destroy non-self.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Carnosol as a Highly Immunosuppressive Agent

Mahmoudi

Rabe

Rahnama

et al. 2015

Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod

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Background: Suppression of the immune responses, using products derived from medicinal plant, as a likely therapeutic measure, has become an important subject of scientific studies, recently. Rosmarinus officinalis (Lamiaceae), known as rosemary, is widely distributed in many parts of the world. Objectives: The immunomodulatory effect of carnosol, a natural antioxidant derived from rosemary, was investigated using BALB/c mice. Materials and Methods:Carnosol was administered at doses of 0.04, 0.2, 0.8, 2.4 and 4 mg/kg, for 5 days. Another group of mice was treated with 20 mg cyclophosphamide/kg/day (positive control); a final group received solvent only (solvent control). Delayed-type of hypersensitivity response and hemagglutination titer were studied in these groups of animals. Results: Results showed that three high doses of carnosol (0.8, 2.4 and 4 mg/kg) could significantly suppress both cellular and humoral activity of the immune system. Interestingly, carnosol, at doses of 2.4 and 4 mg/kg, was able to inhibit acquired immunity, higher than cyclophosphamide, which is a known potent immunosuppressant. Conclusions: Based on its effects, carnosol might be considered a source of drug, showing effective immunosuppression properties. Further studies should be performed on carnosol to develop an effective immunosuppressive drug or coadjuvant for the treatment of disorders caused by an exaggerated or unwanted immune response.

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“…on Day 15), mice (n ¼ 6/group) were euthanized by cervical dislocation and the spleen of each was aseptically removed and weighed. Thereafter, single cell suspensions were prepared in RPMI 1640 medium using standard protocols (Riahi et al, 2010). Specifically, each spleen was placed into a small petri dish including 10 ml RPMI 1640 media supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 100 U penicillin/ml, 100 mg streptomycin/ml and 2 mM L-glutamine (all Gibco, Paisley, UK).…”

Section: Measurement Of Spleen Weight and Cellularitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A minimum of 10 000 events/sample was acquired for each sample. The absolute number of each cell type in each spleen was determined by multiplying the differential ratio of the subtypes by the total spleen cell contents (Riahi et al, 2010). Levels of T-lymphocyte subsets and CD19 cells in the splenocyte suspensions were separately determined.…”

Section: Spleen Cell Subtypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotoxicity induced in mice by subacute exposure to berberine

Mahmoudi

Rabe²,

Balali-Mood³

et al. 2015

Journal of Immunotoxicology

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The immunotoxic effects of the isoquinoline alkaloid berberine (BBR) were investigated in Balb/c mice. Here, BBR was administered daily by intraperitoneal injection at doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg for 14 days. Following the exposure, host spleen weight, cellularity and histopathology, as well as delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses, hemagglutination titers (HA), spleen cell subtype profiles, splenocyte cytokine production and lymphocyte proliferation were studied in all of the test groups of animals. The results showed that the high dose of BBR (10 mg/kg) could suppress both cellular and humoral immune functions in the treated hosts. BBR at 5 mg/kg only appeared to impact on DTH responses and lymphoproliferation. Based on the finding here, it would seem that BBR has effective immunosuppressive properties. Mechanistic studies are required to determine exactly how this material is acting to impart many of the immunotoxic effects demonstrated here. At the same time, further research should also be performed on BBR to further develop its potential use as an effective immunosuppressant or co-adjuvant for the treatment of diseases caused by an exaggerated or unwanted immune response.

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Immunotoxicity of paraquat after subacute exposure to mice

Cited by 46 publications

References 17 publications

Environmental pollutants parathion, paraquat and bisphenol A show distinct effects towards nuclear receptors-mediated induction of xenobiotics-metabolizing cytochromes P450 in human hepatocytes

Environmental pollutants parathion, paraquat and bisphenol A show distinct effects towards nuclear receptors-mediated induction of xenobiotics-metabolizing cytochromes P450 in human hepatocytes

Use of Carnosol as a Highly Immunosuppressive Agent

Immunotoxicity induced in mice by subacute exposure to berberine

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