2014
DOI: 10.1111/cei.12440
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Immunotherapy using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells to treat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Abstract: SummaryLipopolysaccharide (LPS) produced by Gram-negative bacteria induces tolerance and suppresses inflammatory responses in vivo; however, the mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study we show that LPS induces apoptosis of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and modulates phenotypes of DCs. LPS treatment up-regulates expression of toleranceassociated molecules such as CD205 and galectin-1, but down-regulates expression of Gr-1 and B220 encephalomyelitis (EAE) development and down-regulates expre… Show more

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Cited by 37 publications
(41 citation statements)
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“…and the second PT injection was conducted after 48 hrs. EAE was assessed by standard clinical scores: 0.5: paralysis of half the tail, 1: paralysis of whole tail, 2: paralysis of tail and one leg, 3: paralysis of tail and two legs, 4: moribund, 5: death [21, 22, 24]. …”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…and the second PT injection was conducted after 48 hrs. EAE was assessed by standard clinical scores: 0.5: paralysis of half the tail, 1: paralysis of whole tail, 2: paralysis of tail and one leg, 3: paralysis of tail and two legs, 4: moribund, 5: death [21, 22, 24]. …”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Assays were conducted according to the manufacturer's instructions. Plates were read out in Labsystems Multiskan MCC/340 (Fisher Scientific, Suwanee, GA, USA) and data were analyzed using DSJV ELISA software (Fisher Scientific) [21-24]. …”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…22 Briefly, bone marrow was collected from the tibias and femurs. Red blood cells were depleted using 0.83 M NH 4 Cl buffer (Sigma-Aldrich Co.).…”
Section: Generation Of Dcs From Mouse Bone Marrowmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Interestingly, there are considerable experimental data showing that pre‐treatment of DC with LPS generates cells that promote tolerance rather than immunity15, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32 although the mechanism of tolerance induction in DC is not fully understood. Lipopolysaccharide‐activated macrophages and DC become refractory to further stimulation with LPS,33 a phenomenon known as endotoxin tolerance (ET), which has been attributed to various factors including: (i) the blockade of intracellular signalling events and subsequent gene re‐programming; (ii) up‐regulation of anti‐inflammatory cytokines like interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) and transforming growth factor‐ β (TGF‐ β ); and (iii) down‐regulation of surface expression of the TLR4 receptor 34.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%