Immunotherapy of guinea pig line 10 hepatoma with nonliving BCG cells in aqueous medium

Bekierkunst, A.; Goren, Mayer B.

doi:10.1128/iai.24.3.817-820.1979

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

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“…The use of bacteria to target tumors has been explored as a unique therapeutic option since Dr. Coley's efforts to solve the ongoing challenges of cancer treatment. However, until now, only Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), a strain of Mycobacterium bovi, has been approved only for the intravesical treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) to prevent recurrence [58], although, decades ago, intratumoral BCG demonstrated complete remission of transplantable hepatomas in guinea pigs [105]. Other malignancies such as lung cancer and melanoma have been tested in clinical trials, using intralesional injection of BCG into tumors as a therapeutic approach, but no more indication of BCG has been approved.…”

Section: Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotherapeutic Agents for Intratumoral Immunotherapy

Shyr,

Liu,

Chien

et al. 2023

Vaccines

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Immunotherapy using systemic immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells has revolutionized cancer treatment, but it only benefits a subset of patients. Systemic immunotherapies cause severe autoimmune toxicities and cytokine storms. Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) plus the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) have been linked to the inefficacy of systemic immunotherapy. Intratumoral immunotherapy that increases immunotherapeutic agent bioavailability inside tumors could enhance the efficacy of immunotherapies and reduce systemic toxicities. In preclinical and clinical studies, intratumoral administration of immunostimulatory agents from small molecules to xenogeneic cells has demonstrated antitumor effects not only on the injected tumors but also against noninjected lesions. Herein, we review and discuss the results of these approaches in preclinical models and clinical trials to build the landscape of intratumoral immunotherapeutic agents and we describe how they stimulate the body’s immune system to trigger antitumor immunity as well as the challenges in clinical practice. Systemic and intratumoral combination immunotherapy would make the best use of the body’s immune system to treat cancers. Combining precision medicine and immunotherapy in cancer treatment would treat both the mutated targets in tumors and the weakened body’s immune system simultaneously, exerting maximum effects of the medical intervention.

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Section: Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotherapeutic Agents for Intratumoral Immunotherapy

Shyr,

Liu,

Chien

et al. 2023

Vaccines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Listeria monocytogenesas a vector for tumor-associated antigens for cancer immunotherapy

Singh

Paterson²

2006

Expert Review of Vaccines

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As a facultative intracellular bacterium, Listeria monocytogenes has adapted to live within the cytosol of the host cell. It is actively taken up by antigen-presenting cells through phagocytosis, and as Listeria survive within these cells, it is an ideal vector for the delivery of antigens to be processed and presented through both the class I and II antigen-processing pathways. Once phagocytosed, Listeria produces virulence factors within the phagolysosome of the host cell, which allows it to break out of this organelle and live in the host cytosol. It is possible that these virulence factors can enhance the immunogenicity of tumor-associated antigens, which are poorly immunogenic. Recent progress in the development of this bacterium as a vaccine vector for tumor-associated antigens is discussed in the context of bacterial vectors in general. In several mouse models, Listeria-based vaccines have been demonstrated to be an effective method of influencing tumor growth and eliciting potent antitumor immune responses. Safety issues and the transition of Listeria into human clinical trials will also be discussed in this review.

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Immunotherapy of guinea pig line 10 hepatoma with nonliving BCG cells in aqueous medium

Cited by 2 publications

References 24 publications

Immunotherapeutic Agents for Intratumoral Immunotherapy

Immunotherapeutic Agents for Intratumoral Immunotherapy

Listeria monocytogenesas a vector for tumor-associated antigens for cancer immunotherapy

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