Immunotherapy in Dialysis-Dependent Cancer Patients: Our Experience in Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma and a Review of the Literature

Safety and Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients on Dialysis: A Retrospective Case Series

“…4 A report of 8 patients with renal cell carcinoma receiving ICIs while receiving dialysis reported grade 3 adverse events in 2 cases. 6 Due to the limited number of patients included in these studies, it is impossible to make definite conclusions regarding the safety and efficacy of ICIs in dialysis patients; however, we suspect that the high rate of severe irAEs previously reported in dialysis patients may be due to the reporting bias that exists in case reports. In the general population, 40% to 60% of patients receiving ICIs experience irAEs at some point during therapy.…”

“…3 Currently, there are few published cases of ICI use in patients receiving dialysis. [4][5][6][7] We aimed to characterize cancer response rates and the incidence of overall and severe (grade 3/4) irAEs in nonselected patients undergoing dialysis receiving ICIs at Partners Healthcare.…”

<p>Management of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Toxicities</p>

“…87,88 Another trial with a small sample of patients also showed that the activity of anti-PD-1 therapy was similar compared to patients with normal renal function, and no unexpected irAEs occurred. 89…”

Use of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in End Stage Kidney Disease Patients, Single Center Experience and Review of the Literature

“…While we are aware that there is no renal clearance of these agents (1), the data on the use of ICI in end stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients on hemodialysis (HD) as well as peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients is sparse. Published reports on the use of ICI in ESKD patients are limited to case reports and case series, one from Korea (2) and the second from Italy (3). We describe our single-center experience of ICI use in ESKD patients and summarize the current literature of ICI use in this population.…”