Immunotherapy for Esophageal Cancers: What Is Practice Changing in 2021?

Puhr, Hannah Christina; Preusser, Matthias

doi:10.3390/cancers13184632

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Recently, immunotherapy has emerged as a standard treatment for many cancers, including EC [ 36 , 37 ]. Several immune checkpoint inhibitors that block the connection between PD-1 and PD-L1 are now being utilized to treat EC, such as nivolumab and pembrolizumab [ 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe Radiation-Induced Lymphopenia Affects the Outcomes of Esophageal Cancer: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Dai

Tian

et al. 2022

Cancers

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The aim of the current study was to evaluate the influence of severe radiation-induced lymphopenia (RIL) on the outcomes of esophageal cancer (EC). A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed through the PRISMA guideline. Seventeen studies were included in the current systematic review, with eight included in the meta-analyses. Meta-analyses found that severe RIL was associated with lower pathologic complete response (pCR) rate (odds ratio (OR) = 0.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.30–0.66, I2 = 0%), inferior overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.29–1.75, I2 = 6%), and worse progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.39–2.07, I2 = 0%) of EC patients. The lymphocyte nadir was found during 4–6 weeks after the start of radiotherapy. The leading dosimetric factors associated with severe RIL included larger PTV, higher dose to heart and body, and higher effective dose to the immune cells (EDIC). Clinical risk factors for RIL mainly comprised lower baseline ALC, higher tumor length and clinical stage, and distal EC. In conclusion, severe RIL might be associated with a lower pCR rate and worse OS and PFS of EC patients. Minimizing the dosimetric risk factors, especially in patients with clinical risk factors, might benefit their outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe Radiation-Induced Lymphopenia Affects the Outcomes of Esophageal Cancer: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Dai

Tian

et al. 2022

Cancers

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“…It is expected that these therapies combined with surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, will be the future of multimodal treatment for EC. 128 , 129 However, drug resistance in targeted immunotherapy is an unavoidable and complicated problem. TCM plays an important role in immune and targeted therapies, such as synergism and attenuation, improvement of drug sensitivity, and even reversal of drug resistance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy for Esophageal Cancer: A Literature Review

et al. 2021

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Esophageal cancer (EC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Western medicine has played a leading role in its treatment, but its prognosis remains unsatisfactory. Therefore, the development of effective therapies is important. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been practiced for thousands of years, and involves taking measures before diseases occur, deteriorate, and recur. Interestingly, there is growing evidence that TCM can improve the therapeutic effects in reversing precancerous lesions, inhibiting the recurrence and metastasis of EC. In this article, we review traditional Chinese herbs and formulas that have preventive and therapeutic effects on EC, summarize the application and research status of TCM in patients with EC, and discuss its shortcomings and prospects in the context of translational, evidence-based, and precision medicine.

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“…The landscape of immunotherapy is rapidly evolving, and at the forefront of new treatments for ESCC is immunotherapy and other targeted agents [ 41 ]. The CheckMate 577 trial involved 794 patients with resected stage II or III esophageal or GE junction cancer (30% ESCC) who had pathologic residual disease after trimodality therapy.…”

Section: Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Approach to Localized Squamous Cell Cancer of the Esophagus

Weidenbaum

Gibson

2022

Curr. Treat. Options in Oncol.

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Opinion statementEsophageal cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, with an increasing incidence in recent decades. The majority of esophageal cancers are squamous cell carcinoma. The 5-year survival rate of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is poor, and there remains globally a pressing need for novel treatments that improve patient outcomes and quality of life. In this review, we discuss management of localized ESCC with an update on relevant newly published literature, including targeted therapy and novel biomarkers. The standard treatment approach for locally advanced, resectable ESCC is currently chemoradiation with or without surgery. Here we discuss different approaches to endoscopic resection, surgery, and radiation therapy. Although the typical chemotherapy regimen is a combination of a platinum with a fluoropyrimidine or paclitaxel, different regimens are being evaluated. With the landscape of immunotherapy rapidly evolving, at the forefront of new treatments for ESCC is immunotherapy and other targeted agents. Ultimately, the treatment approach should be individualized to each patient.

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Immunotherapy for Esophageal Cancers: What Is Practice Changing in 2021?

Cited by 19 publications

References 54 publications

Severe Radiation-Induced Lymphopenia Affects the Outcomes of Esophageal Cancer: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Severe Radiation-Induced Lymphopenia Affects the Outcomes of Esophageal Cancer: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy for Esophageal Cancer: A Literature Review

Approach to Localized Squamous Cell Cancer of the Esophagus

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