Immunotherapy for Chordoma and Chondrosarcoma: Current Evidence

Traylor, Jeffrey I.; Pernik, Mark N.; Plitt, Aaron; Lim, Michael; Garzón-Muvdi, Tomás

doi:10.3390/cancers13102408

Cited by 30 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Hence, maximal safe resection coupled with post-surgery radiotherapy should be recommended in eligible patients, especially with large and complex tumors. Yet, the high morbidity and the declining long-term efficacy of surgery and radiation should be taken into account, encouraging the investigation of potential SBCs biomarkers targeted by genetic and immunotherapy approaches [ 66 , 67 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Skull Base Chondrosarcomas: A Systematic Review

Palmisciano

Haider

Sabahi

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Background: Primary skull base chondrosarcomas (SBCs) can severely affect patients’ quality of life. Surgical-resection and radiotherapy are feasible but may cause debilitating complications. We systematically reviewed the literature on primary SBCs. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web-of-Science, and Cochrane were searched following the PRISMA guidelines to include studies of patients with primary SBCs. Clinical characteristics, management strategies, and treatment outcomes were analyzed. Results: We included 33 studies comprising 1307 patients. Primary SBCs mostly involved the middle-fossa (72.7%), infiltrating the cavernous-sinus in 42.4% of patients. Cranial-neuropathies were reported in 810 patients (62%). Surgical-resection (93.3%) was preferred over biopsy (6.6%). The most frequent open surgical approaches were frontotemporal-orbitozygomatic (17.6%) and pterional (11.9%), and 111 patients (21.3%) underwent endoscopic-endonasal resection. Post-surgical cerebrospinal-fluid leaks occurred in 36 patients (6.5%). Radiotherapy was delivered in 1018 patients (77.9%): photon-based (41.4%), proton-based (64.2%), and carbon-based (13.1%). Severe post-radiotherapy complications, mostly hypopituitarism (15.4%) and hearing loss (7.1%) were experienced by 251 patients (30.7%). Post-treatment symptom-improvement (46.7%) and reduced/stable tumor volumes (85.4%) showed no differences based on radiotherapy-protocols (p = 0.165; p = 0.062). Median follow-up was 67-months (range, 0.1–376). SBCs recurrences were reported in 211 cases (16.1%). The 5-year and 10-year progression-free survival rates were 84.3% and 67.4%, and overall survival rates were 94% and 84%. Conclusion: Surgical-resection and radiotherapy are effective treatments in primary SBCs, with acceptable complication rates and favorable local tumor control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Skull Base Chondrosarcomas: A Systematic Review

Palmisciano

Haider

Sabahi

et al. 2021

Cancers

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“…Because the SEER database does not provide sufficient detail related to chemotherapy medication, duration, and timing, these questions cannot be explored in the present study but are an important area for further research. Lastly, the development of novel active systemic therapies including immunotherapies is an area requiring further exploration and analysis [18,20]. Indeed, the limited effect of chemotherapy seen in the present study and similar studies highlights the need for targeted agents with greater efficacy in this patient population.…”

Section: Edifferentiatedmentioning

confidence: 83%

CORR Insights®: Is Chemotherapy Associated with Improved Overall Survival in Patients with Dedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma? A SEER Database Analysis

LeBrun

2021

Clin Orthop Relat Res

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“…Immunotherapy is a promising treatment regimen for cancer since it shows promising results in managing a variety of malignancies. The efficacy of combining imatinib with everolimus is currently under investigation in adult patients who have INll-negative tumors, as is the use of oncolytic bacteria, tazemetostat, and nivolumab, with or without stereotactic radiation therapy [ 69 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cervical Paraspinal Chordoma: A Literature Review with a Novel Case Report

Jabbar

Jankowski

Pawełczyk

et al. 2022

JCM

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Chordomas are rare malignant neoplasms, accounting for 1–4% of all primary bone tumors. Most spinal chordomas occur in the sacrococcygeal region and the base of the skull; however, 6% of chordomas are observed in the cervical spine. In these cases, the lesion is mainly located in the midline. These tumors slowly grow before becoming symptomatic and encase the surrounding vascular and nerve structures. Patients with advanced chordoma have a poor prognosis due to local recurrence with infiltration and destruction of adjacent bone and tissues. Systemic chemotherapy options have not been fully effective in these tumors, especially for recurrent chordomas. Thus, new combinations of currently available targeted molecular and biological therapies with radiotherapy have been proposed as potential treatment modalities. Here, the present paper describes the case of a 41-year-old male with a C2–C4 chordoma located paravertebrally, who underwent surgical resection with a debulking procedure for a cervical chordoma. Computed tomography angiography revealed a paraspinal mass with bone remodeling and the MRI showed a paravertebral mass penetrating to the spinal canal with a widening of the intervertebral C2–C3 foramen. Initially, the tumor was diagnosed as schwannoma based on its localization and imaging features; however, the histopathology specimen confirmed the diagnosis of chordoma. This case study highlights the effectivity of radical surgical resection as a mainstay treatment for chordomas, discusses neuroimaging, diagnosis, and the use of currently available targeted therapies and forthcoming treatment strategies, as alternative treatment options for chordoma.

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Immunotherapy for Chordoma and Chondrosarcoma: Current Evidence

Cited by 30 publications

References 90 publications

Primary Skull Base Chondrosarcomas: A Systematic Review

Primary Skull Base Chondrosarcomas: A Systematic Review

CORR Insights®: Is Chemotherapy Associated with Improved Overall Survival in Patients with Dedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma? A SEER Database Analysis

Cervical Paraspinal Chordoma: A Literature Review with a Novel Case Report

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