Immunotherapy for cardiovascular disease

Martini, Elisa; Stirparo, Giuliano Giuseppe; Kallikourdis, Marinos

doi:10.1002/jlb.5mr0717-306r

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Inflammation plays a crucial role in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Chronic inflammation within the arterial wall, especially in the context of atherosclerosis, plays a significant role in driving the progression of the disease [ 7 ]. The inflammatory response entails the activation of immune cells and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, resulting in the recruitment and accumulation of immune cells at the site of injury [ 8 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unlocking the Potential of Immunotherapy in Cardiovascular Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Applications and Future Directions

Jyotsna,

Ikram,

Nageeta

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Immunotherapy has emerged as a pioneering therapeutic approach that harnesses the immune system's abilities to combat diseases, particularly in the field of oncology where it has led to significant advancements. However, despite its significant impact in the field of oncology, the potential of immunotherapy in the context of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has not been thoroughly investigated. The purpose of this narrative review is to address the existing knowledge and potential uses of immunotherapy in the field of cardiovascular disease (CVD), with the intention of filling the existing gap in understanding. Furthermore, the review thoroughly examines the future prospects of this swiftly advancing field, providing insights into the aspects that necessitate further investigation and addressing the forthcoming challenges. The review is organized into four distinct sections to enhance comprehension. The first section introduces immunotherapy, presenting the fundamental concepts and principles. The second section explores the immunomodulatory mechanisms in cardiovascular disease (CVD), with a specific focus on the intricate interplay between the immune system and the development of cardiovascular pathogenesis. The utilization of immunotherapy in specific cardiovascular conditions will be examined, investigating the application of immunotherapy in the context of different cardiovascular diseases. The future prospects and challenges in immunotherapy for cardiovascular diseases will be discussed, highlighting the potential areas for future research and addressing the barriers that must be overcome to effectively implement immunotherapeutic interventions in the management of cardiovascular diseases.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unlocking the Potential of Immunotherapy in Cardiovascular Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Applications and Future Directions

Jyotsna,

Ikram,

Nageeta

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“…Although medications used to treat pulmonary fibrosis, such as pirfenidone, show an ability to decrease cardiac fibrosis, they result in minimal improvement in diastolic function [95]. As a subset of lymphocytes, regulatory T cells (Tregs) have demonstrated remarkable anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties [5,[96][97]. Many studies have shown its role as an immune regulator of unwanted immune responses as well as a regulator of pro-inflammatory T cells [98].…”

Section: Immune Cell Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory Causes and Immunotherapy Potential in Cardiovascular Diseases Treatment

2023

Cardiolog Res Cardiovasc Med

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Inflammatory profile in the cardiovascular diseases has been acknowledged widely; yet the potential of immunotherapy in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is not fully met. The primary and secondary inflammatory risk factors of CVD; as well as drivers of atherosclerosis from the immune system are elaborated in this review. The approaches to treat CVD in respect of immunotherapy focus on targeting cytokine response pathways; novel engineering cytokines and superkines; and targeting specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) in atherosclerosis. Immunotherapy in the treatment of heart failure has gained great advancement in targeting heart fibrosis to stop and even reverse cardiac remodeling. With a deeper understanding of the roles T cells and macrophages in the development of fibrosis in heart failure; harnessing them became possible to treat heart failure. T-cell therapy with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR T-cell); as well as CRISPR gene editing therapy make personalized diagnosis and treatment possible and bring a lot of hope to concur this debilitating disease. This review attempts to summarize new understandings of inflammatory mechanisms underlying CVD and major advancements as well as challenges in CVD immunotherapy with a hope to offer a perspective on strategies to advance future therapies.

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“…Surprisingly, the emphasis of many current therapies applied to treat atherosclerosis and thrombosis has been put on coping with the onset of acute inflammatory states. It is noteworthy that statins can not only reduce the cholesterol level, but also play an anti-inflammatory role ( 3 ). This study, therefore, aims to more specifically reduce inflammatory activities during atherosclerosis using colchicine and interleukin (IL)-1β antibodies or other modes targeting IL-6 or IL-1 receptors ( 4 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

circANRIL reduces vascular endothelial injury, oxidative stress and inflammation in rats with coronary atherosclerosis

Shi

Ji²,

Zhang

et al. 2020

Exp Ther Med

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Effects of circular antisense non-coding RNA in the INK4 locus (circANRIL) on vascular endothelial injury, oxidative stress and inflammation in rats with coronary atherosclerosis were studied by establishing a rat model of coronary atherosclerosis in which circANRIL was differentially expressed. A total of 40 healthy Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into research group (n=32) and control group (n=8). In research group, a rat model of coronary atherosclerosis was established without special treatment. The blood calcium (Ca 2+ ) and lipid levels in the two groups were compared. After cell transfection, the rats were divided into blank group (untransfected), negative group (transfected with blank vector), circANRIL group (transfected with circANRIL overexpression plasmid) and circANRIL inhibitor group (transfected with circANRIL silencer). Then the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in each group were compared. Western blotting was adopted to detect the expressions of phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-p38MAPK), p38MAPK and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). Finally, p-p38MAPK/GAPDH, p38MAPK/GAPDH and p-p38MAPK/p38MAPK were calculated. There were significant differences in the levels of serum Ca 2+ and lipid between control group and research group (P<0.05). Besides, differences in LDH, SOD, MDA, TNF-α and IL-6 in the supernatant in each group were statistically significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Moreover, there were statistically significant differences in the gray values of p-p38MAPK/GAPDH and p38MAPK/GAPDH and their ratio p-p38MAPK/p38MAPK in each group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Inhibiting the expression of circANRIL in coronary heart disease cases can reduce vascular endothelial injury, oxidative stress and inflammation.

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Immunotherapy for cardiovascular disease

Cited by 9 publications

References 62 publications

Unlocking the Potential of Immunotherapy in Cardiovascular Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Applications and Future Directions

Unlocking the Potential of Immunotherapy in Cardiovascular Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Applications and Future Directions

Inflammatory Causes and Immunotherapy Potential in Cardiovascular Diseases Treatment

circANRIL reduces vascular endothelial injury, oxidative stress and inflammation in rats with coronary atherosclerosis

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