Immunotherapy and non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: an idea from the 19th century

Lilly, Eddy; Gharib, Khalil El

doi:10.1080/14737140.2021.1921578

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

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“…KLH was shown to be inferior to BCG when compared to it. 12 Antigens produced from the mycobacterial cell wall are linked to a nucleic acid oligomer combination in MCNA. Morales et al conducted a phase II single-arm research on 129 cases after BCG failure to assess the effectiveness and security of MCNA.…”

Section: Lammers Et Al Compared the Security And Effectiveness Of Klh Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of checkpoint inhibitors immunotherapy in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: current methods and future perspectives

Agag¹,

Naushad²,

Manzoor³

et al. 2021

UNOAJ

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Immuno-therapy involvement in bladder urothelial malignancies is growing very fast. The use of Immuno-therapy with check-point inhibitor has greatly developed since it was first approved as a second-line treatment for cases who had formerly failed platinum-based chemotherapy. There are recognized applications for first-line metastatic illness in platinum-ineligible or cisplatin-ineligible PD-L1 diagnosed cases, as well as a label for BCG-refractory high-risky non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). It is now being studied in neo-adjuvant and adjuvant muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) clinical trials. This review discusses the clinical trials that led to these FDA agreements, as well as prospective and ongoing trials. Current clinical guidelines support Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) as the primary treating option for intermediate to high-risk NMIBC. Despite the intra-vesical BCG-instillation, intra-vesical relapse occurs in a considerable number of individuals with intermediate to high risk NMIBC. Furthermore, treating BCG-nonresponsive NMIBC is still difficult. For these individuals with BCG-nonresponsive NMIBC, there are no viable therapy alternatives other than radical cystectomy, which has been shown to have excellent oncological results. In this regard, for the care of BCG-nonresponsive NMIBC, safe and reliable noninvasive or lesser-invasive therapeutic alternatives with adequate oncological results are needed. Regarding the latest introduction of immuno-therapeutic medications, the treatment of progressive or metastatic urothelial cancer has substantially advanced. These developments have sparked a surge in interest in immuno-therapeutic medications for NMIBC, particularly BCG-nonresponsive NMIBC. The goal of this literature review is to provide and debate the most up-to-date information on the function of Immuno-therapy in BCG-nonresponsive NMIBC and the presently accessible treatment options. Furthermore, this page highlights the current research in this topic. We wanted to convey the current state of Immuno-therapy in NMIBC and discuss future directions.

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Section: Lammers Et Al Compared the Security And Effectiveness Of Klh Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of checkpoint inhibitors immunotherapy in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: current methods and future perspectives

Agag¹,

Naushad²,

Manzoor³

et al. 2021

UNOAJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Immunotherapy and non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: an idea from the 19th century

Cited by 1 publication

References 21 publications

Role of checkpoint inhibitors immunotherapy in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: current methods and future perspectives

Role of checkpoint inhibitors immunotherapy in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: current methods and future perspectives

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