Immunoshistochemical localization of gonadortropin releasing hormone (GnRH) in the bovine hypothalamus and infundibulum

Dees, W. Les; McArthur, N. H.

doi:10.1002/ar.1092000306

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Reproduction is ultimately controlled by approximately 2000 neurons in the hypothalamic preoptic area of the brain that synthesise and secrete GnRH (Dees and McArthur 1981;Lehman et al 1986). These neurons are regulated by neurotransmitter and neuropeptide systems that convey information about an animal's internal and external environment, including its steroidal status (Fig.…”

Section: Effects Of Edcs In the Hypothalamusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetics and developmental programming of welfare and production traits in farm animals

Sinclair

Rutherford

Wallace

et al. 2016

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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Abstract. The concept that postnatal health and development can be influenced by events that occur in utero originated from epidemiological studies in humans supported by numerous mechanistic (including epigenetic) studies in a variety of model species. Referred to as the 'developmental origins of health and disease' or 'DOHaD' hypothesis, the primary focus of large-animal studies until quite recently had been biomedical. Attention has since turned towards traits of commercial importance in farm animals. Herein we review the evidence that prenatal risk factors, including suboptimal parental nutrition, gestational stress, exposure to environmental chemicals and advanced breeding technologies, can determine traits such as postnatal growth, feed efficiency, milk yield, carcass composition, animal welfare and reproductive potential. We consider the role of epigenetic and cytoplasmic mechanisms of inheritance, and discuss implications for livestock production and future research endeavours. We conclude that although the concept is proven for several traits, issues relating to effect size, and hence commercial importance, remain. Studies have also invariably been conducted under controlled experimental conditions, frequently assessing single risk factors, thereby limiting their translational value for livestock production. We propose concerted international research efforts that consider multiple, concurrent stressors to better represent effects of contemporary animal production systems.

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Section: Effects Of Edcs In the Hypothalamusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetics and developmental programming of welfare and production traits in farm animals

Sinclair

Rutherford

Wallace

et al. 2016

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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show abstract

“…This was consistent with immxmocytochemical localization studies previously conducted with cattle (Dees and McArthur, 1981;Leshin et al, 1988). However, Dees and McArthur (1981) foixnd GnRH la±)elling in the MBH, whereas Leshin et al (1988) did not, and, moreover, Weesner et al (1993) did not find GnRH mRNA labelling in that area. In sheep, 1-2% of the GnRH perikarya were located within the MBH (Lehman et al, 1986) .…”

Section: The Hypo^halamo-pituitary Coiq>lexsupporting

confidence: 91%

Postpartum ovarian activity and response to progestagen treatment in rustic beef cows (Spanish Retinta) underfed to simulate their typical ranging conditions

García¹,

Ignacio²

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Retinta cattle, a rustic beef breed raised in freeranging conditions in the Southwest of Spain, are adapted to seasonal pasture scarcity but exhibit a prolonged calving interval. This study characterized the ovarian activity and response to progestagen treatment (Synchromate-B type) in feed-restricted, postpartum Retinta cows. Forty cows were fed a restricted diet so that competition among cows resulted in a range of body condition scores (BCS) of 2 through 6 on a 1-9 scale. On the 90th postpartum day, a Norgestomet ear implant was administered to Treated cows (n=20) for 9 days, followed by a 48-hour period of calf withdrawal. The remaining 20 cows served as Controls. For both groups, daily to weekly blood samples were collected from the 2nd to the 9th month postpartum and assayed for 17-P-estradiol and progesterone. Intact bulls were used for breeding and estrous detection. Calves were weaned at 7-7.5 months of age. Twenty-seven cows showed estrus (on the 16-35th week postpartum) and 24 cows were confirmed pregnant (on the 19-35th week postpartxom) by the end of the experiment. Treatment neither affected the conception rate nor the internal from calving to first estrus or to conception. High-BCS cows had greater conception rate and resumed estrous cyclicity and conceived earlier than low-BCS cows. Cows remaining nonpregnant by weaning had a lower

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Neuroendocrine Control of Estrus and Ovulation

Amstalden

Williams

2014

Bovine Reproduction

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Immunoshistochemical localization of gonadortropin releasing hormone (GnRH) in the bovine hypothalamus and infundibulum

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

Epigenetics and developmental programming of welfare and production traits in farm animals

Epigenetics and developmental programming of welfare and production traits in farm animals

Postpartum ovarian activity and response to progestagen treatment in rustic beef cows (Spanish Retinta) underfed to simulate their typical ranging conditions

Neuroendocrine Control of Estrus and Ovulation

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