Immunosenescence and vaccination of the elderly II. New strategies to restore age-related immune impairment

Ongrádi, J; Stercz, B.; Kövesdi, Valéria; Vértes, L

doi:10.1556/amicr.56.2009.4.1

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…95 Although more studies are needed, the process of aging may affect the ability of B cells to produce antibodies against novel antigens, and the composition of B-cell subsets. 96,97 Deficient antibody responses to pneumococcal or influenza vaccines have also been described. 98,99 Elderly patients with vitamin B 12 deficiency have been reported to have poor responses to pneumococcal vaccine.…”

Section: Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on the use of immunoglobulin in human disease: A review of evidence

Perez

Orange

Bonilla

et al. 2017

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

505

462

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Human immunoglobulin preparations for intravenous or subcutaneous administration are the cornerstone of treatment in patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases affecting the humoral immune system. Intravenous preparations have a number of important uses in the treatment of other diseases in humans as well, some for which acceptable treatment alternatives do not exist. We provide an update of the evidence-based guideline on immunoglobulin therapy, last published in 2006. Given the potential risks and inherent scarcity of human immunoglobulin, careful consideration of its indications and administration is warranted.

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Section: Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on the use of immunoglobulin in human disease: A review of evidence

Perez

Orange

Bonilla

et al. 2017

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

505

462

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These types of changes are less manifested in the case of CD4+ naive T-cells and for B-cells, as well as for some elements of innate immunity (dendritic cells and neutrophils); however, all immune cells are touched to some degree. The age-dependent defects in T-and B-cell functions run parallel with the changes in the innate immune system (decrease in cell-mediated immune functions, as response to vaccination) [11][12][13][14][15]; however, the most immune parameters are well preserved in centanarians, where there is only a small reduction of T lymphocytes. Other observation [16] shows that in centenarians, there is a relatively small reduction of virgin and memory T-cells [16] and the ability of cells to proliferate after appropriate stimuli.…”

Section: Senescence Of Immune Cell Production and Cell Poolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunity and longevity

Csaba

2018

AMicr

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The role of immune system is to protect the organism from the not built-in program-like alterations inside and against the agents penetrating from outside (bacteria, viruses, and protozoa). These functions were developed and formed during the evolution. Considering these functions, the immune system promotes the lengthening of lifespan and helps longevity. However, some immune functions have been conveyed by men to medical tools (e.g., pharmaceuticals, antibiotics, and prevention), especially in our modern age, which help the struggle against microbes, but evolutionarily weaken the immune system. Aging is a gradual slow attrition by autoimmunity, directed by the thymus and regulated by the central nervous system and pineal gland. Considering this, thymus could be a pacemaker of aging. The remodeling of the immune system, which can be observed in elderly people and centenarians, is probably not a cause of aging, but a consequence of it, which helps to suit immunity to the requirements. Oxidative stress also helps the attrition of the immune cells and antioxidants help to prolong lifespan. There are gender differences in the aging of the immune system as well as in the longevity. There is an advantage for women in both cases. This can be explained by hormonal differences (estrogens positively influences both processes); however, social factors are also not excluded. The endocrine disruptor chemicals act similar to estrogens, like stimulating or suppressing immunity and provoking autoimmunity; however, their role in longevity is controversial. There are some drugs (rapamycin, metformin, and selegiline) and antioxidants (as vitamins C and E) that prolong lifespan and also improve immunity. It is difficult to declare that longevity is exclusively dependent on the state of the immune system; however, there is a parallelism between the state of immune system and lifespan. It seems likely that there is not a real decline of immunity during aging, but there is a remodeling of the system according to the claims of senescence. This is manifested in the remaining (sometimes stronger) function of memory cells in contrast to the production and number of the new antigen-reactive naive T-cells.

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“…El envejecimiento de las células B disminuye la capacidad de desarrollar inmunidad humoral (anticuerpos) para nuevas infecciones o antígenos, lo que aumenta el riesgo de infecciones. 16 La respuesta de los linfocitos T también cambia con el envejecimiento, lo que se manifiesta por una disminución de la cantidad y calidad de las células T y una disminuida respuesta inmune a antígenos conocidos, posiblemente debido más a cambios en el fenotipo hacia las células T inmunosupresoras. 17,18 Estos desórdenes tienen consecuencias para la interpretación de la cuenta de glóbulos blancos; sin embargo, por otra parte, un conteo bajo no excluye la inmunodeficiencia funcional.…”

Section: Cambios Patofi Siológicos En El Adulto Mayor Que Infl Uyen En El Retraso En El Diagnósticounclassified

Errores en el diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda en ancianos. Estudio de un caso clínico y revisión de la literatura

2016

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Por más de seis décadas, la apendicitis aguda en pacientes longevos continúa teniendo errores diagnósticos, lo que resulta en la demora de un diagnóstico oportuno y un retraso en la cirugía. La apendicitis del anciano se caracteriza por un retardo en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de índole multifactorial. El hallazgo habitual durante la cirugía es un apéndice perforado con peritonitis regional o generalizada. La muerte en estos individuos es secundaria a sepsis abdominal por siembra bacteriana de origen intestinal. El curso postoperatorio en un anciano con un proceso infl amatorio mínimo en el apéndice cecal, como el que se describe, es habitualmente benigno al controlarse oportunamente la contaminación peritoneal. Si una comorbilidad no interviene en el postoperatorio, el egreso hospitalario es rápido. Caso clínico: En el caso que se presenta, el apéndice tuvo un aspecto normal, como se muestra en la fotografía. Nosotros decidimos resecarlo por ausencia de otras anormalidades en la cavidad abdominal. En el estudio histopatológico se describieron cambios infl amatorios confi nados a mucosa y submucosa. No hubo perforación. Estas modifi caciones pudieron ser secundarias a una severa hipoperfusión por el estado de la mujer. Conclusiones: Resulta peligroso concluir que "aunque macroscópicamente se aprecie normal el apéndice cecal en sujetos longevos, sería muy razonable extirparlo" para evitar un desenlace como el del caso que se presenta.

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Immunosenescence and vaccination of the elderly II. New strategies to restore age-related immune impairment

Cited by 7 publications

References 51 publications

Update on the use of immunoglobulin in human disease: A review of evidence

Update on the use of immunoglobulin in human disease: A review of evidence

Immunity and longevity

Errores en el diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda en ancianos. Estudio de un caso clínico y revisión de la literatura

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