Immunoprophylaxis of experimental Mycoplasma pneumoniae disease: effect of route of administration on the immunogenicity and protective effect of inactivated M. pneumoniae vaccine

Greenberg, Harry B.; Helms, Charles M.; Grizzard, Michael B.; James, Walter D.; Horswood, Robert L.; Chanock, Robert M.

doi:10.1128/iai.16.1.88-92.1977

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The effective resistance to reinfection provided by prior intratracheal infection of hamsters with virulent M. pneumo-niae ( Fig. 1) supports the findings of previous reports showing resistance of hamsters to reinfection after intranasal or aerosol inoculation with a variety of M. pneumoniae strains (18,19,22,23). Interestingly, the titers of MI antibodies to M. pneumoniae in resistant hamster sera after reinfection was generally no higher (mean titer, 1:22) than those of nonprotected animals that received single or multiple doses of inactivated vaccines.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Hamster challenge potency assay for evaluation of Mycoplasma pneumoniae vaccines

et al. 1988

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A hamster immunization challenge assay described in the accompanying paper (MInfect. Immun. 56:2443-2449, 1988 was used to examine protection against Mycoplasma pneumoniae disease by passive immunization and to evaluate the protective potency of a Formalin-inactivated whole-cell and a cell extract M. pneumoniae vaccine. Passive immunization with a globulin fraction of hyperimmune mule antiserum to M. pneumoniae provided hamsters some protection against the challenge. When hamsters were actively immunized, a single dose of Formalin-inactivated vaccine provided only minimal protection, whereas multiple doses of this vaccine, particularly when combined with adjuvant, provided good protection. A single dose of the cell extract vaccine did not protect animals, but two doses caused a marked reduction of disease when a priming dose was given intraperitoneally, followed by a booster dose intratracheally. The correlation between the level of metabolism inhibition antibodies to M. pneumoniae in the sera of vaccinated hamsters and the degree of protection as measured by reduction of lung pathological scores and colonization was poor, indicating that seroconversion rates for metabolism inhibition antibodies are not by themselves adequate to measure the potency of M. pneumoniae vaccines.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Hamster challenge potency assay for evaluation of Mycoplasma pneumoniae vaccines

et al. 1988

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“…Hamsters with a high serum antibody level produced by parenteral administration of killed M. pneumoniae vaccine did not show resistance to the experimental inoculation of M. pneumoniae (5), while animals previously infected with the organisms had a low serum antibody level but were resistant to reinfection (5)(6)(7). Hence those authors concluded that there was little correlation between serum antibody titer and protection against M. pneumoniae pneumonia in vaccinated hamsters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Humoral Antibodies in Resistance to Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia in Hamsters

Hayatsu

Kawakubo

Yayoshi

et al. 1980

Microbiology and Immunology

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Golden Syrian hamsters adoptively immunized with hyperimmune Mycoplasma pneumoniae rabbit antiserum, immunoglobulin (Ig) M-rich (IgM) fraction, IgG-rich (IgG) fraction, antiserum absorbed with either killed M. pneumoniae or killed Staphylococcus aureus organisms, or antiserum treated with 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) were examined for resistance against aerosol infection with virulent M. pneumoniae. Significant resistance to the establishment of infection in the respiratory tract was shown in hamsters pretreated with the untreated antiserum, IgG fraction or 2-ME-treated antiserum, whereas animals pretreated with the IgM fraction and the antisera absorbed with M. pneumoniae or S. aureus organisms were not significantly resistant. Histopathologically, lung lesions were markedly suppressed in animals with high resistance, but were typically pneumonic in animals with low or no resistance. The efficacy of adoptively administered serum preparations was closely related to their antibody titers. The results indicate that humoral antibody plays an important role in protection against experimental M. pneumoniae pneumonia in hamsters, although the participation of the cell-mediated immune response was not determined.We (8) reported earlier that an inactivated adjuvant vaccine prepared with Mycoplasma pneumoniae strain FH-P24, passaged 24 times in vivo, induced a high level of serum antibody in hamsters and showed a very high protective potency. The results support those of Chanock and his co-workers (2, 11, 13) and McCormick et al (10), who stated that resistance of humans to M. pneumoniae pneumonia was correlated with the presence of naturally acquired or vaccine-induced antibody in serum. In our previous study, also, resistance against M. pneumoniae infection in hamsters corresponded to serum antibody titers, especially those of complement-fixing (CF) antibodies (8).In the present study, we analyzed the role of the humoral immune factor by adoptive immunization with the antiserum, its immunoglobulin (Ig) M-rich (IgM) and IgG-rich (IgG) fractions, the antiserum absorbed with killed Staphylococcus 585

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“…hamsters previously infected with M. pneumoniae were found to be more resistant to pneumonia upon reinfection, even if they had low serum antibody titers (10,12,16). However, in our previous investigations, resistance to M. pneumoniae infection in hamsters corresponded to serum antibody titers in animals actively immunized with adjuvant vaccine (17) or adoptively immunized with serum preparations (17,18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Hamsters previously infected with M. pneumoniae have been shown to have a low level of serum antibody while resistant to reinfection (10,12,16). Conversely, high-titer serum antibody induced by parenteral administration of killed M. pneumoniae rendered almost no protection in hamsters (10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results support the findings of Chanock et al (7,22,28) and McCormick et al (20) who stated that human resistance to mycoplasmal pneumonia is correlated with the' presence of naturally acquired or vaccine-induced serum antibody. Hence some of these investigators have suggested that mechanisms other than humoral immunity are not excluded in human resistance to M. pneumoniae (10,12,16,18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunological Responses of Hamsters in the Acquired Immune State to Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection

Hayatsu

Kawakubo

Yayoshi

et al. 1981

Microbiology and Immunology

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Protective effects of vaccination of hamsters against Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, evaluated according to the recovery of mycoplasmas and histopathological changes in the respiratory tract after challenge infection, persisted for at least 6 months after the final vaccination. Serum antibody levels reached a maximum in the second week after the last vaccination and decreased markedly between the first and the third months, but increased again in sera obtained from animals given booster injections. Metabolism-inhibiting antibodies were detected in bronchial washings of animals showing high resistance obtained by vaccinal or passive immunization. Antiserum transfer was also effective for protection but cell-mediated immune responses were not demonstrated in any animals up to 6 months after the vaccination. Even after 10 months, suppression of both mycoplasmal proliferation and lung lesions was apparent, and a single dose of the vaccine induced a significant booster effect. These findings suggest that (I) humoral immunity is more important than cell-mediated immunity in resistance of hamsters to M. pneumoniae pneumonia, and (2) the antibody secreted in the respiratory tract may be involved in the local defense mechanisms.Mycoplasma pneumoniae, a respiratory tract pathogen, causes bronchitis and pneumonia in children and young adults. Epidemiological problems have been raised, especially in closed populations such as kindergartens, primary schools, and military forces (1,6,15,26,29). M. pneumoniae pneumonia responds satisfactorily to the appropriate antibiotics, but the organisms are not effectively eradicated from the respiratory tract (14,23). Efforts have been directed toward the development of a vaccine for prophylaxis (7,10,12,17,25).Resistance of humans to M. pneumoniae infection has been reported to be correlated directly with the presence of serum antibodies (7,20,22,28). In hamsters, a high level of serum antibody produced by parenteral vaccination with killed M. pneumoniae was not accompanied by protection (l 0) . On the other hand, 1255

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Immunoprophylaxis of experimental Mycoplasma pneumoniae disease: effect of route of administration on the immunogenicity and protective effect of inactivated M. pneumoniae vaccine

Cited by 21 publications

References 18 publications

Hamster challenge potency assay for evaluation of Mycoplasma pneumoniae vaccines

Hamster challenge potency assay for evaluation of Mycoplasma pneumoniae vaccines

Role of Humoral Antibodies in Resistance to Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia in Hamsters

Immunological Responses of Hamsters in the Acquired Immune State to Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection

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