Immunophenotyping of the cellular infiltrate in the early elicitation phase of contact dermatitis in the skin of presensitized atopic individuals

Garmann, Eva-Maria; Gollnick, Harald

doi:10.1007/bf01262320

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…In contrast MDC and TARC secreted by immature and mature DC can be strongly involved in the accumulation of Th1 and Th2 CD4 + T lymphocytes. Although in vitro results may not completely re¯ect the complexity of the in vivo situation, our ®ndings may also explain the relative distribution of CD4 + and CD8 + lymphocytes in the in®ltrate of ACD, with a predominant CD4 + T cell in®ltrate in the dermis, and an enrichment in CD8 + T cells in the epidermis (Garmann and Gollnick, 1995). Our study focused on the in vitro migratory properties of nickel-speci®c T lymphocytes isolated from the peripheral blood of allergic individuals, which are supposed to include the entire repertoire of T cells that can be potentially recruited during the immune reaction to the hapten.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Nickel-Specific CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells Display Distinct Migratory Responses to Chemokines Produced During Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Sebastiani

Albanesi

Nasorri

et al. 2002

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

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Development of allergic contact dermatitis to haptens depends upon a balance between CD8(+) T lymphocytes with pathogenic activity and CD4(+) T cells, which comprise both effector and regulatory cells. Thus, differential recruitment of CD8(+) and CD4(+) lymphocytes to sites of hapten challenge may have considerable impact on disease expression. Here the migration of cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen+, nickel-specific CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cell lines were compared with a panel of chemokines produced in the skin during allergic contact dermatitis. CCL17/TARC and CCL22/MDC induced a 3-fold higher migration of CD4(+) compared with CD8(+) lymphocytes. In contrast, CXCL10/IP-10 was 2-fold more potent in attracting CD8(+) cells. These findings were consistent with the higher expression of CCR4 and CXCR3 on CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell lines, respectively. Moreover, CCR4 expression was high on nickel-specific T helper 2, intermediate on T helper 1 and T cytotoxic 2, and almost undetectable on T cytotoxic 1 clones. On the contrary, CXCR3 was expressed by T cytotoxic 1 and 2 and T helper 1, but not T helper 2 clones. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis of the skin before and after hapten challenge revealed the constitutive presence of TARC, and the early appearance of CCL2/MCP-1, followed by IP-10, CCL4/MIP-1beta, and MDC mRNA. Supernatants from activated keratinocytes induced a strong migration of CD8(+) lymphocytes, which was blocked by neutralization of IP-10. Conversely, supernatants from immature and mature dendritic cells attracted mostly CD4(+) lymphocytes in a TARC- and MDC-dependent manner. Our data indicate that distinct chemokines and cell types control the accumulation of CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells within inflamed skin.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Nickel-Specific CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells Display Distinct Migratory Responses to Chemokines Produced During Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Sebastiani

Albanesi

Nasorri

et al. 2002

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

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“…It has been reported that LC increase their expression of HLA-DR during antigen presentation (8,30). Our method quantifies the number of cellular bodies expressing HIA-DR, but it does not allow the detection of any increased expression by the dendrites of LC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative immunohistochemical differences in Langerhans cells in dermatitis due to internal versus external antigen sources

1998

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Cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions can develop against antigens delivered through the epidermis (contact dermatitis) or through the blood vessels (e.g., drug eruptions). On routine histology alone, it is not always possible to determine the route of the antigen. Langerhans cells (LC) are the main antigen-presenting cells in contact dermatitis. Dermal dendrocytes (DC) are antigen-presenting cells and may be involved in dermal reactions. We tested the hypothesis that there is a difference between dermatitis due to external and internal antigen sources with regard to the number or function of LC and DC. In 85 cases of dermatitis, numbers of S100 and HLA-DR reactive cells per linear millimetre of epidermis were counted. The amount of epidermal spongiosis was evaluated qualitatively. In 35 cases, the number of DC per mm2 (as defined by Factor XIIIa expression) was evaluated. The patients were then divided into two groups based on whether the final clinical evaluation considered the dermatitis to be secondary to an external (35 cases) or internal antigen (50 cases). Dermatitis due to external antigens had significantly more LC/mm and more frequent HLA-DR expression than dermatitis due to internal antigens, mean +/- SEM; 21.2+/-2.04 vs. 9.1+/-1.02 (p<0.00001) and 16.3+/-2.49 vs. 6.0+/-0.92 (p=0.0001), respectively. Spongiosis was more marked in external antigen cases. DC were more numerous in internal than in external antigen cases, but the differences were not statistically significant. In our model, determination of numbers of LC/mm is the variable with the highest power to discriminate between internal and internal sources. Quantification of HLA-DR+ LC and degree of spongiosis provide little additional discriminatory power.

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Assessment of Immunologic Mechanisms for Flare Reactions to Synvisc®

Marino

Waddell²,

Kolomytkin³

et al. 2006

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Intraarticular injection of Synvisc for treatment of knee pain sometimes results in an acute local reaction (flare). We tested the hypothesis that the flare was a Type-1 hypersensitivity reaction as manifested by the presence of Synvisc antibodies in the synovial fluid and serum and by an increase in the concentration of the mast-cell enzyme tryptase in the synovial fluid. Our second objective was to determine whether the ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ lymphocytes in the synovial fluid was increased, as would be expected in a Type-4 hypersensitivity reaction. The study population was a prospective, consecutive series of 16 patients who had a flare, and 20 control patients. We found no differences in product-specific antibodies in the synovial fluid or serum between patients with flares and patients without flares. The mean tryptase level in the synovial fluid of patients with flares, 3.8 +/- 0.8 microg/L, was not different from the corresponding level in the control patients. The CD4+/CD8+ ratio in the synovial fluid was more than eight times greater in patients with flares. Flares that sometimes occur after treatment with Synvisc are probably not Type-1 (antibody-mediated) hypersensitivity reactions, but may be Type-4 (cell-mediated) hypersensitivity reactions.

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Immunophenotyping of the cellular infiltrate in the early elicitation phase of contact dermatitis in the skin of presensitized atopic individuals

Cited by 4 publications

References 42 publications

Nickel-Specific CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells Display Distinct Migratory Responses to Chemokines Produced During Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Nickel-Specific CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells Display Distinct Migratory Responses to Chemokines Produced During Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Quantitative immunohistochemical differences in Langerhans cells in dermatitis due to internal versus external antigen sources

Assessment of Immunologic Mechanisms for Flare Reactions to Synvisc®

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