Immunopharmacological Activities of Luteolin in Chronic Diseases

Abstract

Flavonoids have been shown to have anti-oxidative effects, as well as other health benefits (e.g., anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor functions). Luteolin (3′, 4′, 5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone) is a flavonoid found in vegetables, fruits, flowers, and herbs, including celery, broccoli, green pepper, navel oranges, dandelion, peppermint, and rosemary. Luteolin has multiple useful effects, especially in regulating inflammation-related symptoms and diseases. In this paper, we summarize the studies about the immunopharmacological activity of luteolin on anti-inflammatory, anti-cardiovascular, anti-cancerous, and anti-neurodegenerative diseases published since 2018 and available in PubMed or Google Scholar. In this review, we also introduce some additional formulations of luteolin to improve its solubility and bioavailability.

Exploring effect of herbal monomers in treating gouty arthritis based on nuclear factor-kappa B signaling: A review

“…[34] More and more studies have shown that luteolin can be used to treat gouty arthritis, diabetes, tumors, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. [35][36][37][38][39] Researchers found that luteolin can reduce joint synovial hyperplasia, cartilage, and bone erosion in GA rats. [40] Luteolin reduces the expression of MyD88 by regulating TLR4 receptors, thereby inhibiting the expression of NF-κB-related proteins, reducing the release of related inflammatory factors, and alleviating the inflammatory cascade, thereby protecting joints.…”

Revisiting luteolin: An updated review on its anticancer potential

“…Luteolin targets human telomerase reverse transcriptase, which can stop BC cell growth and the development of tamoxifen resistance in BC. Therefore, it can be a potential natural medication to prevent BC invasion and metastasis [ 26 ].…”

Endometriosis Treatment: Role of Natural Polyphenols as Anti-Inflammatory Agents

“…The anti-inflammatory activity of LUT is achieved at micromolar concentrations by inhibiting the expression of COX-2 and the production of several pro-inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α and IL-6, hindering macrophage activation and release of excessive amounts of PGs [ 101 , 105 ]. Moreover, LUT can also regulate several signal transduction pathways, including NF-κB, AP1 and JAK–STAT [ 106 ], and it can inhibit macrophage recruitment to the endometriotic lesions by suppressing the secretion of CCL2 and CCL5 by endometriosis cells [ 101 ]. In a recent molecular docking study, it has been shown that LUT inhibits inflammation in EMS acting on signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1(PIK3R1), and mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), also regulating MAPK, PI3K, TNF, and NF-κB signal transduction [ 107 ].…”