Immunopathology of Atopic Keratoconjunctivitis

Foster, C. Stephen; Rice, Beverly A.; Dutt, J E

doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(91)32154-7

Cited by 135 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Mast cells and eosinophils are major effector cells in AC (Church and McGill, 2002), but infiltration of macrophages also occurs in the conjunctiva, especially in severe types of AC such as AKC (Foster et al, 1991;Leonardi et al, 2000). The role of macrophages in the development of AC has not yet been extensively investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of macrophage infiltration into the conjunctiva by clodronate liposomes in experimental immune-mediated blepharoconjunctivitis

Fukushima

Ozaki

Ishida

et al. 2005

Cell Biology International

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Macrophages infiltrate the conjunctiva in severe cases of allergic conjunctivitis (AC) such as atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC). We established experimental immune-mediated blepharoconjunctivitis (EC) in Brown Norway (BN) rats as a model for severe types of AC. We investigated whether macrophage infiltration in the conjunctiva in this EC model is inhibited by clodronate liposomes (CL 2 MDP-lip). The numbers of ED1-positive but not ED2-positive macrophages in the conjunctivas were increased by the induction of EC. Subconjunctival injection of CL 2 MDP-lip decreased the number of ED2-positive but not ED1-positive macrophages in the conjunctivas of naive rats. CL 2 MDP-lip did not affect macrophages in the spleen. Subconjunctival injection of CL 2 MDP-lip into EC-developing BN rats decreased the number of ED2-positive macrophages at all the time points. ED1-positive cell infiltration was inhibited when treatment was administered just prior to OVA challenge. Intravenous injection of CL 2 MDP-lip decreased the number of ED2-positive cells in the conjunctiva. Thus, we conclude that CL 2 MDP-lip inhibits infiltration of macrophages into the conjunctiva within 24 h of antigen challenge. Ó

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of macrophage infiltration into the conjunctiva by clodronate liposomes in experimental immune-mediated blepharoconjunctivitis

Fukushima

Ozaki

Ishida

et al. 2005

Cell Biology International

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“…In tears from our AKC patients, we found an abnormally high number of T cells (CD3+), activated B cells (CD23+), and increased T-helper/T-suppressor (CD4+/CD8+) ratios, which were not found in the control group. Foster et al [17] reported an abnormal number of T cells, helper-T cells, and macrophages in the conjunctival epithelium affected by active AKC using an immunofluorescence staining technique and conjunctival biopsy specimens. Similar findings were reported in the skin of atopic patients [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Tears in Patients with Atopic Keratoconjunctivitis, Using Flow Cytometry

Avunduk

Tekelioğlu

1998

Ophthalmic Res

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Atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC) is a chronic allergic eye disease. Although the pathogenesis is not fully understood, some impairment in cell-mediated immunity was suggested by histopathological findings in conjunctival specimens obtained from affected individuals. T-cell infiltration and an enhanced T-helper/T-suppressor cell ratio in conjunctival biopsy specimens were observed previously by immunofluorescence procedures. We analyzed the cells in tears of patients with AKC using flow cytometry (FCM) and compared the results to those of normal subjects to identify the role of T lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of the disease. The tear samples of the patients and normal subjects were collected with capillary tubes, and the surface receptors of cells were detected with FCM. Statistical analyses were performed with Student’s t test. The percentages of T cells, activated B cells, and T-helper/T-suppressor cell ratios were found to be higher in the tears of patients with AKC than in controls. We propose that a decreased T-suppressor cell concentration in tears may enhance immunoglobulin-E production of B cells, and the signs and symptoms are provoked by inflammatory mediators liberated from mast cell degranulation.

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“…Since Hogan's first description of this disease and for almost four decades, this disease remained almost unmentioned with few exceptions (22,31) and often confused with the 'adult version' of VKC in the ophthalmic literature. Attention was brought again to the ophthalmic community in 1990 with a series of 45 AKC patients (26), followed by many studies further describing clinical aspects and therapeutic management (28,(32)(33)(34)(35)(36), and investigating more deeply into its possible etiopathogenesis (37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43).…”

Section: Atopic Dermatitis (Ad)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8a), sometimes making these patients quite similar to ocular cicatricial pemphigoid patients. In these instances, a conjunctival biopsy demonstrating deposition of immune material at the conjunctival basement membrane zone in cicatricial pemphigoid and its absence in AKC is mandatory since therapy is radically different (26,37,44). The summation of all these factors: -lid inflammation, conjunctival inflammation, and cicatrization -makes the cornea eventually fail (Fig.…”

Section: Atopic Dermatitis (Ad)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Allergies: Association with Immune Dermatitis

Calonge

2000

Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica

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ABSTRACT.Purpose: To describe the type of skin involvement that patients with ocular allergies are prone to suffer due to the atopic association of the condition. Methods: Review of the published literature and retrospective data from our patient series. Results: Patients with ocular allergies may have skin affected with one or several combinations of the following dermatologic problems: contact dermatitis, urticaria/angioedema, and atopic dermatitis, with secondary infections as a possible consequence of this later disorder. Other rare skin disorders have been occasionally reported in association with ocular atopy. Conclusion: Patients with ocular allergies may have a spectrum of 'allergic' skin problems, the most severe of which is atopic dermatitis. Ocular surface involvement in atopic dermatitis should be diagnosed as atopic keratoconjunctivitis, a sight-threatening disorder, until proven otherwise.

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Immunopathology of Atopic Keratoconjunctivitis

Cited by 135 publications

References 5 publications

Suppression of macrophage infiltration into the conjunctiva by clodronate liposomes in experimental immune-mediated blepharoconjunctivitis

Suppression of macrophage infiltration into the conjunctiva by clodronate liposomes in experimental immune-mediated blepharoconjunctivitis

Analysis of Tears in Patients with Atopic Keratoconjunctivitis, Using Flow Cytometry

Ocular Allergies: Association with Immune Dermatitis

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