Immunopathology induced by the feline leukemia virus

Hardy, William

doi:10.1007/bf00201958

Cited by 45 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…In viremic, but asymptomatic cats none were neutropenic; while 16% of those which manifest secondary infections and viremia had decreased circulating PMN (28). The frequency of neutropenia in clinically affected cats is similar to that of AIDS patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Neutropenia appears to be a characteristic of retroviral infections since it has also been observed in the naturally infected cat (28,29) and experimental model systems of FeLV (30). In viremic, but asymptomatic cats none were neutropenic; while 16% of those which manifest secondary infections and viremia had decreased circulating PMN (28).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Although these proteins are as yet to be identified, it is tempting to postulate these alterations disrupt the biochemical reactions responsible for the PMN defects observed. Circulating feline PMN can be identified that contain FeLV viral antigens in their cytoplasm (28,30,37). They can be detected as early 14 days and as late as 84 days postinfection in all kittens experimentally infected.…”

Section: Possible Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unaccounted for is the unexplained neutrophilia in 36% of adult immunocompromised FeLV+ cats (28) and 48% of neonatally infected kittens at the time of their death (40). Multiple questions need to be answered in both early and latent models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes in Infection by Retroviruses with Emphasis on the Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Mertins¹,

Ortona²,

Cauda³

1990

Viral Immunology

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Neutrophil function is an integral part of the host defense against multiple pathogens. Through phagocytosis and production of toxic substances, these short lived cells aid in the effective elimination of invading microorganisms such as bacterial and fungal targets. Viral infections, and in particular those of the retroviral type, appear to suppress the immune response through direct cytotoxic destruction of immune cells or alteration of the biochemical interactions that are essential for eradicating the foreign agent. In this report, we describe abnormalities of neutrophil number and function consequent to HIV and other retroviral infections. A myriad of mechanisms, either alone or in concert may explain the underlying aberrations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Possible Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Role of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes in Infection by Retroviruses with Emphasis on the Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Mertins¹,

Ortona²,

Cauda³

1990

Viral Immunology

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“…Cat infection with FeLV has two possible outcomes: approximately 60 % of cats recover from a mild, transient infection with a high titre of neutralizing antibodies, whilst about 30 % fail to develop an effective humoral immune response and become persistently viraemic, leading to immunosuppression and susceptibility to opportunistic infections (Hardy, 1982;Rojko & Kociba, 1991;Dunham & Graham, 2008). Dysfunction of cellular immunity by FeLV infection, however, is not restricted to T or B cells (Cockerell & Hoover, 1977;Tompkins et al, 1989), as the loss of neutrophil function has also been reported as a consequence of FeLV infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of neutrophil extracellular traps in cats naturally infected with feline leukemia virus

Wardini

Guimarães-Costa

Nascimento

et al. 2009

Journal of General Virology

109

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Feline leukemia virus (FeLV), a common, naturally occurring gammaretrovirus in domestic cats, is associated with degenerative diseases of the haematopoietic system, immunodeficiency and neoplasia. FeLV infection causes an important suppression of neutrophil function, leading to opportunistic infections. Recently, a new microbicidal mechanism named NETosis was described in human, bovine and fish neutrophils, as well as in chicken heterophils. The purpose of the present study was to characterize NETosis in feline neutrophils, as well as to evaluate neutrophil function in FeLV naturally infected symptomatic and asymptomatic cats through the phagocytosis process, release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. The results showed that feline neutrophils stimulated with protozoa parasites released structures comprising DNA and histones, which were characterized as NETs by immunofluorescence. Quantification of NETs after neutrophil stimulation showed a significant increase in NET release by neutrophils from FeLV " and FeLV + asymptomatic cats compared with FeLV + symptomatic cats.Moreover, the number of released NETs and MPO activity in unstimulated neutrophils of FeLV + symptomatic cats were higher than those in unstimulated neutrophils from FeLV " and FeLV + asymptomatic cats. This study reports, for the first time, NET release by feline neutrophils, along with the fact that NET induction may be modulated by a viral infection. The results indicate that the NET mechanism appears to be overactivated in FeLV + cats and that this feature could be considered a marker of disease progression in FeLV infection.

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