Immunopathogenesis of HPV-Associated Cancers and Prospects for Immunotherapy

Smola, Sigrun

doi:10.3390/v9090254

Cited by 110 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 131 publications

(180 reference statements)

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“…Early and aggressive treatment may be warranted, as lesions may be resistant to routine treatments such as imiquimod, and aEV lesions do not necessarily resolve following immune reconstitution with HAART in HIV patients . Case reports or reviews have suggested various potentially effective therapies including: ingenol mebutate, squaric acid dibutylester, a combination of photodynamic therapy or interferon therapy with oral retinoids, and immunotherapy; however, no specific response associations with the underlying EV‐HPV type have been made. Consistent clinical genotyping could identify possible associations in the future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of epidermodysplasia verruciformis: Two cases highlighting the role of direct HPV L1 gene sequencing

et al. 2019

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Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is a rare skin disease characterized by the development of multiple flat warts with the potential for malignant transformation. Patients are susceptible to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection that develops in a background of either a genetic or acquired immunodeficiency predisposing patients to infection with specific HPV types that are ubiquitous but generally non-pathogenic in healthy individuals. There is no standard clinical methodology for determining the causative HPV from patients with suspected EV. Here, we report the diagnostic workup of two EV cases and describe the use of L1 gene Sanger sequencing as a specific method to accurately identify the causative HPV genotype and confirm the diagnosis of EV. K E Y W O R D SDNA sequence analysis, epidermodysplasia verruciformis, genotype, papillomavirus infections, polymerase chain reaction

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of epidermodysplasia verruciformis: Two cases highlighting the role of direct HPV L1 gene sequencing

et al. 2019

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“…Inflammation is a critical step in the occurrence and development of a number of solid tumors, including UCC, and has been identified as the seventh most essential sign in carcinomas (Eiró & Vizoso, 2012;Mantovani, 2009). It is widely accepted that human papillomavirus is the main carcinogen promoting the development of UCC due to its role in inflammatory reaction and immune responses in the local tumor microenvironment (Smola, 2017). *Ya-Ling Qi, Yue Li, and Xia-Xia Man contributed equally to this work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CXCL3 overexpression promotes the tumorigenic potential of uterine cervical cancer cells via the MAPK/ERK pathway

Man

et al. 2019

Journal Cellular Physiology

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CXCL3 belongs to the CXC-type chemokine family and is known to play a multifaceted role in various human malignancies. While its clinical significance and mechanisms of action in uterine cervical cancer (UCC) remain unclear. This investigation demonstrated that the UCC cell line HeLa expressed CXCL3, and strong expression of CXCL3 was detected in UCC tissues relative to nontumor tissues. In addition, CXCL3 expression was strongly correlated with CXCL5 expression in UCC tissues. In vitro, HeLa cells overexpressing CXCL3, HeLa cells treated with exogenous CXCL3 or treated with conditioned medium from WPMY cells overexpressing CXCL3, exhibited enhanced proliferation and migration activities. In agreement with these findings, CXCL3 overexpression was also associated with the generation of HeLa cell tumor xenografts in athymic nude mice. Subsequent mechanistic studies demonstrated that CXCL3 overexpressing influenced the expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway associated genes, including ERK1/2, Bcl-2, and Bax, whereas the CXCL3-induced proliferation and migration effects were attenuated by exogenous administration of the ERK1/2 blocker PD98059. The data of the current investigation support that CXCL3 appears to hold promise as a potential tumor marker and interference target for UCC. K E Y W O R D Scervical cancer, CXCL3, ERK, malignant behavior, upregulation

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“…Host immune responses and chronic inflammation have been shown to be important risk factors for HPV-related carcinogenesis [10]. Increased duration of HPV infection could influence disease development, indicating the importance of the host immune response to HPV clearance and HPV-related carcinogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of topical PaiTeLing in nude mice implanted with human condyloma acuminatum tissue infected with HPV 6, 31, and 81: comparison with imiquimod and interferon-α-2b

Wang

Hou³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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BACKGROUNDThe standard treatment for condyloma acuminatum is topical imiquimod. In the current study, we used a mouse model to compare the effects of an herbal medication PaiTeLing.METHODSLesion tissue was obtained from a woman with genital condyloma acuminatum. DNA genotyping revealed HPV6, 31, and 81. Tissue prism (0.5 cm3) was implanted to BALB/C nude mice, 22 days after the implantation, mice began to receive topical treatment with imiquimod, interferon-α-2b gel, or PaiTeLing over the site of implantation for 2 consecutive weeks. Mice receiving tissue implantation but no other intervention was included as a control. Skin tissue was collected for H&E staining and anti-CD207 immunohistochemistry. Blood was collected to determine a panel of cytokines.RESULTSH&E staining showed lower number of koilocytes and higher number of Langerhans cells in the treatment groups, particularly in mice receiving imiquimod or PaiTeLing. Blood levels of TNFα, IL-2, INF-γ and IL-12p70 were increased in the treatment groups, particularly in mice receiving imiquimod or PaiTeLing.CONCLUSIONImmune response in nude mice infected with HPV6, 31, and 81 is enhanced by treatment with imiquimod, interferon-α-2b and PaiTeLing. Effects of imiquimod and PaiTeLing seems to be stronger than interferon-α-2b.

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Immunopathogenesis of HPV-Associated Cancers and Prospects for Immunotherapy

Cited by 110 publications

References 131 publications

Diagnosis of epidermodysplasia verruciformis: Two cases highlighting the role of direct HPV L1 gene sequencing

Diagnosis of epidermodysplasia verruciformis: Two cases highlighting the role of direct HPV L1 gene sequencing

CXCL3 overexpression promotes the tumorigenic potential of uterine cervical cancer cells via the MAPK/ERK pathway

Effects of topical PaiTeLing in nude mice implanted with human condyloma acuminatum tissue infected with HPV 6, 31, and 81: comparison with imiquimod and interferon-α-2b

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