Immunopathogenesis of Ascaridia galli infection in layer chicken

Schwarz, Anna; Gauly, Matthias; Abel, Hj.; Daş, Gürbüz; Humburg, Julia; Rohn, Karl; Breves, Gerhard; Rautenschlein, Silke

doi:10.1016/j.dci.2011.02.012

Cited by 61 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Degen et al (2005) showed that chickens do develop a Th2-type immune response, in that the Th2 cytokines interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 were expressed in the spleen and ileal tissue in response to an A. galli infection. This was later confirmed by Schwarz et al (2011), who found a Th2-type immune response to A. galli, shown as an IL-4 and IL-13 mRNA expression in the lamina propria of the jejunum. Finally, the same authors showed that the highest Th2 cytokine expression was found in birds with the highest infection rate and the highest average number of A. galli worms per bird.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Despite the fact that no discernible IL-13 response was seen in the present study, expression of IL-4 was observed but only in the IM group and only in MD. A Th2 response has been described earlier after an actual A. galli infection: by Degen et al (2005), whereby IFN-g mRNA expression levels were down-regulated and mRNA expression levels of IL-4, and particularly IL-13, were up-regulated in ileal tissue, 14 days after the infection; and by Schwarz et al (2011), who found IL-4 and IL-13 mRNA being up-regulated in the lamina propria of the jejunum post infection. However, further investigation is needed in order to determine the relevance of the found differences in the cytokine gene expressions in the present study; for example, in relation to rational vaccine design.…”

Section: Cd8amentioning

confidence: 97%

“…IgG titres following an A. galli infection in chickens are elevated in serum, although this may not result in any protection (MarcosAtxutegi et al, 2009;Norup et al, 2013). Schwarz et al (2011) showed infiltrations of different T-cell populations in the intestinal lamina propria and accumulation of CD4…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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No protection in chickens immunized by the oral or intra-muscular immunization route withAscaridia gallisoluble antigen

et al. 2013

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Cd8amentioning

confidence: 97%

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No protection in chickens immunized by the oral or intra-muscular immunization route withAscaridia gallisoluble antigen

et al. 2013

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“…This can be related to the immune response caused by the A galli infection, where the T helper type 1 (Th1) responses are suppressed and Th2 responses are upregulated (Degen and others 2005, Schwarz and others 2011). The suppression of Th1 may cause the increased severity of the bacterial infections, which may consequently lead to a higher mortality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helminth infection is associated with hen mortality in Danish organic egg production

et al. 2016

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The aim of this study was to investigate whether two highly prevalent helminth infections (Ascaridia galli and Heterakis species) are associated with an increased mortality rate for hens at the peak of lay. An observational event study with 11 farms was conducted between 2012 and 2013, with weekly mortality recordings and grouping of the farms into low-infected with A galli and Heterakis species (0-200 epg of faeces) or high-infected (over 200 epg of faeces). Survival analysis was performed using a discrete time proportional hazards model. The difference between the hazard functions for low-infected farms and high-infected farms in either summer (August to September) or winter (January to March) were analysed. No statistically significant associations were found between the mortality rate in winter and summer in low-infected farms. However, the mortality rate was doubled for hens from high-infected farms observed in the summer season compared with hens from low-infected farms (winter and summer), whereas high-infected farms observed in the winter did not have a significant association between mortality rate and season compared with low-infected farms (summer and winter). The results suggest that the mortality in organic egg production may be reduced by measures to control A galli and Heterakis species infections.

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“…Single cell suspensions of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) were prepared as previously described in detail [33]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in host breed and diet influence colonization by Campylobacter jejuni and induction of local immune responses in chicken

Han¹,

Willer²,

Pielsticker³

et al. 2016

Gut Pathog

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BackgroundChickens are regarded as the main reservoir for human campylobacteriosis. Little is known about the interaction between Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) and chickens. This interaction may be influenced by the stage of maturation of the immune system, developing gut microbiota composition and other factors including breed and diet. Our aim was to investigate the impact of breed, and diet on C. jejuni colonization and host immune responses in chickens. Birds were inoculated with 104 colony forming units (CFU) of C. jejuni or diluent at one (Exp. 1) or 22 (Exp. 2) days post hatch. We compared local immune cell subpopulations, cytokine expression levels, and gut microbiota composition between broiler-type (BT) and layer-type (LT) birds fed with either commercial broiler feed (bf) or layer feed (lf).ResultsLower colonization rates were observed in the older age group independent of breed and diet. Independent of breed, birds fed with bf showed higher CFU of C. jejuni compared to lf-fed groups. Campylobacter jejuni-inoculation had a significant effect on lymphocyte numbers and cytokine expression levels in BT birds independent of feeding strategy (p < 0.05). These effects were not detected in LT birds, only LT birds fed with bf showed a significant increase in IL-8-expression at 7 days post C. jejuni inoculation compared to LT-control birds (p < 0.05). Diet influenced gut microbiota composition in a comparable manner between BT and LT birds, but changes in microbiota composition associated with C. jejuni inoculation varied between breeds.ConclusionsDiet and breed influenced C. jejuni colonization, immune responses and microbiota composition to a different extent comparing between LT and BT birds. The mechanisms behind these differences have to be elucidated further. Our results suggest that selection for more resistant breeds in combination with adapted feeding strategies may help to reduce Campylobacter colonization levels in commercial poultry in the future.

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Immunopathogenesis of Ascaridia galli infection in layer chicken

Cited by 61 publications

References 54 publications

No protection in chickens immunized by the oral or intra-muscular immunization route withAscaridia gallisoluble antigen

No protection in chickens immunized by the oral or intra-muscular immunization route withAscaridia gallisoluble antigen

Helminth infection is associated with hen mortality in Danish organic egg production

Differences in host breed and diet influence colonization by Campylobacter jejuni and induction of local immune responses in chicken

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