Immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells: A potential therapeutic strategy for allergic rhinitis

Abstract

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common inflammatory disorder in the nasal mucosa caused by a hyperresponse of the immune system to allergens. The clinical symptoms of AR include sneezing, nasal discharge, itching, and congestion, which have a great impact on health-related quality of life. Since the 1960s, the global prevalence of AR has steadily increased. 1 Currently, the estimated prevalence of AR is 5%-15% in children and 10%-40% in adults. 2,3 The prevalence of allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) (to any allergen) has been estimated to exceed 50% of the population in Westernised countries. 1 Currently, pharmacotherapy is the cornerstone intervention for AR. However, while this method can control symptoms, it cannot reverse the state of immune imbalance of AR. Moreover, guidelinedirected pharmacotherapy is ineffective for up to 20% of people with AR. 4 Therefore, new and effective treatments are required.

Resolving the etiology and treatments of allergic diseases

“…Besides, naloxone could relieve pruritus due to arseniasis 20 . Wang and colleague summmarized the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in allergic airway disease, bringing a promising new view for AR treatment 21 . In addition, Liao's data supported a potential application of thermally modified MC‐derived exosomes in the treatment of chronic airway diseases 22…”

“…20 Wang and colleague summmarized the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in allergic airway disease, bringing a promising new view for AR treatment. 21 In addition, Liao's data supported a potential application of thermally modified MC-derived exosomes in the treatment of chronic airway diseases. 22 Hopefully, the achievements of the Chinese scholars highlighted in this issue of Allergy will provide new directions in the overall framework of allergic disease and lead to a greater international cooperation and communication to overcome global health problems.…”

Neural Stem Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles: key Players in Ischemic Stroke Therapy – A Comprehensive Literature Review

“… 31 The advancement of stem cell technology has led to the extensive utilization of stem cells in various vital tissues and organs within the human body, as well as in numerous medical conditions encountered by individuals. This utilization offers a promising avenue for the efficacious treatment of allergic rhinitis, 32 spinal cord injury, 33 diabetes, 34 cardiovascular diseases, bone defects, 35 tumors, 36 , 37 and other related ailments.…”

Extracellular vesicles from adipose stem cells ameliorate allergic rhinitis in mice by immunomodulatory

“…EVs are particles with lipid bilayer structure released from various cells and play an important role in the transmission of information between nearby or distant cells (21-23). MSCs have shown exciting results in AR treatment by regulating the immune microenvironment and balancing Th1/Th2 cells through a mechanism involving EVs as well as intercellular contact (24). MSCs-EVs modulate DC function to suppress Th2 responses in vitro (25,26).…”