Immunomodulatory properties of gamithromycin and ketoprofen in lipopolysaccharide-challenged calves with emphasis on the acute-phase response

Plessers, Elke; Wyns, Heidi; Watteyn, Anneleen; Pardon, Bart; Baere, Siegrid De; Sys, Stanislas U.; Backer, Patrick De; Croubels, Siska

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.01.007

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…These studies showed that administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs did not affect the acute phase response in comparison to a non-treated control group. On the other hand some studies exist that state the opposite [36, 37]. Based on these contradictory information it remains unclear whether the course of SAA was affected by administration of NSAIDs in horses in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Course of serum amyloid A (SAA) plasma concentrations in horses undergoing surgery for injuries penetrating synovial structures, an observational clinical study

2017

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BackgroundInjuries penetrating synovial structures are common in equine practice and often result in septic synovitis. Significantly increased plasma levels of serum amyloid A (SAA) have been found in various infectious conditions in horses including wounds and septic arthritis. Plasma SAA levels were found to decrease rapidly once the infectious stimulus was eliminated. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the usefulness of serial measurements of plasma SAA as a monitoring tool for the response to treatment of horses presented with injuries penetrating synovial structures. In the current study plasma SAA concentrations were measured every 48 hours (h) during the course of treatment.ResultsA total of 19 horses with a wound penetrating a synovial structure were included in the current study. Horses in Group 1 (n = 12) (injuries older than 24 h) only needed one surgical intervention. Patients in this group had significantly lower median plasma SAA levels (P = 0.001) between 48 h (median 776 mg/L) and 96 h (median 202 mg/L) after surgery. A significant decrease (P = 0.004) in plasma SAA levels was also observed between 96 h after surgery (median 270 mg/L) and 6 days (d) after surgery (median 3 mg/L). Four horses (Group 2) required more than one surgical intervention. In contrast to Group 1 patients in Group 2 had either very high initial plasma concentrations (3378 mg/L), an increase or persistently high concentrations of plasma SAA after the first surgery (median 2525 mg/L). A small group of patients (n = 3) (Group 3) were admitted less than 24 h after sustaining a wound. In this group low SAA values at admission (median 23 mg/L) and peak concentrations at 48 h after surgery (median 1016 mg/L) were observed followed by a decrease in plasma SAA concentration over time.ConclusionsA decrease in plasma SAA concentrations between two consecutive time points could be associated with positive response to treatment in the current study. Therefore, serial measurements of plasma SAA could potentially be used as an additional inexpensive, quick and easy tool for monitoring the treatment response in otherwise healthy horses presented with injuries penetrating synovial structures. However further studies will be necessary to ascertain its clinical utility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Course of serum amyloid A (SAA) plasma concentrations in horses undergoing surgery for injuries penetrating synovial structures, an observational clinical study

2017

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“…Ketoprofen was shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in cattle by regulating cytokines that are involved in the immune response; for example, the intravenous administration of KET in calves that were challenged with LPS reduced the plasma concentration of TNFα (Plessers et al, 2016). Furthermore, Donalisio et al (2013) showed that KET reduces the production of TNFα in blood cells of cows after LPS challenge.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported that KET has positive effects on the cure rate of mastitis and on well-being during mastitis (rectal temperature, ruminal contraction, or respiratory rate) after systemic administration (Shpigel et al, 1994;Banting et al, 2008). In calves, effects of KET on the systemic immune response after intravenous LPS challenge were shown by a reduction of clinical effects such as fever (Plessers et al, 2016). In mastitis treatment, the goal is the abolishment of an excessive immune response to enhance the general condition of the cow, but an effective immune response for elimination of the pathogens should be maintained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ketoprofen affects the mammary immune response in dairy cows in vivo and in vitro

Dan

Bruckmaier

Wellnitz

2018

Journal of Dairy Science

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Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are commonly administered parenterally in addition to antimicrobial mastitis therapy to increase the well-being of the diseased animal. As mastitis is usually a localized infection of mammary tissue, we tested the hypothesis that a local administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs through the teat canal could have anti-inflammatory effects on the affected area. We investigated the effects of intramammarily administered ketoprofen (KET) during an LPS-induced immune response on somatic cell count (SCC) and blood-milk barrier integrity. In addition, we investigated the effects of KET on the mRNA abundance of immune factors and their prostaglandin E2 secretion in primary bovine mammary epithelial cells in vitro. Six cows received 0.2 µg of LPS (serotype O26:B6) together with 50 mg of KET into one quarter and LPS only in the opposing quarter. The increase of SCC and of serum albumin (SA) and IgG concentrations and the increase of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in milk induced by LPS were lower in quarters that received KET in addition. In 3 cows, intramammary KET (50 mg) without additional LPS did not affect SCC, SA, IgG, and LDH in milk. Effects of KET on the immune response of mammary epithelial cells in vitro were investigated in cells from 3 cows challenged with or without LPS (0.2 µg/mL) and with or without additional KET in 2 concentrations (1.25 or 2.5 mg/mL). Ketoprofen reduced the LPS-induced increase of mRNA abundance of tumor necrosis factor α, IL-8, serum amyloid A, and cyclooxygenase-2. The mRNA abundance of cyclooxygenase-1 and prostaglandin E synthase was reduced in cells without LPS challenge by addition of KET at 2.5 mg/mL. Furthermore, the LPS-induced secretion of prostaglandin E2 of mammary epithelial cells into the supernatant could not be detected if KET was added. The results demonstrate that intramammary KET diminishes the increase of SCC and reduces the impairment of the blood-milk barrier (based on SA and LDH in milk), leading to a reduced IgG concentration in milk during LPS-induced mastitis. In mammary epithelial cells, KET limits the expression of several immune factors that are increased during an immune response. In summary, intramammary administration of KET reduces the inflammatory response in the mammary gland. However, it remains unclear whether the inhibited transfer of immune cells and IgG from blood into milk after KET administration would reduce the success of the immune defense in infectious mastitis.

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“…To the authors' knowledge, for the use of NSAIDs for sepsis in cattle, no randomized clinical trials are available neither. Work on experimental endotoxemia in calves has shown no effects of corticosteroids, whereas ketoprofen completely alleviated all symptoms (Plessers et al, 2012;Plessers et al, 2016).…”

Section: Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Rationele antimicrobiële therapie voor sepsis bij runderen in het licht van de nieuwe wetgeving over kritisch belangrijke antibiotica

Pardon¹,

Deprez²

2018

Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift

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Sepsis is a life-threatening condition in cattle, as in humans. Successful sepsis treatment requires a fast initiation of antimicrobial therapy with a broad-spectrum, bactericidal drug, administered intravenously. However, the new legislation limits the use of critically important fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins in food animal medicine, drugs which are considered highly effective for sepsis treatment and were previously frequently used for this indication. This article aims at providing an overview of the current knowledge of sepsis in cattle to aid practitioners in adapting their decision making process to treat sepsis. Sepsis incidence in cattle is likely seriously underestimated. This disease is almost unexplored in cattle, which makes it particularly difficult to design species specific guidelines. Sepsis diagnosis by blood culture reaches sufficient accuracy with the current laboratory technology. When adapting this procedure to a field environment, difficulties might arise, and the availability of adapted incubators in veterinary laboratories may be limited. However, these difficulties are likely to be overcome. Severe sepsis and septic shock are likely the only indications where the ‘urgency’ criterion of the new legislation would apply, but it is important to realize that alternative antimicrobial treatments with possibly similar efficacy are available.

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Immunomodulatory properties of gamithromycin and ketoprofen in lipopolysaccharide-challenged calves with emphasis on the acute-phase response

Cited by 13 publications

References 38 publications

Course of serum amyloid A (SAA) plasma concentrations in horses undergoing surgery for injuries penetrating synovial structures, an observational clinical study

Course of serum amyloid A (SAA) plasma concentrations in horses undergoing surgery for injuries penetrating synovial structures, an observational clinical study

Ketoprofen affects the mammary immune response in dairy cows in vivo and in vitro

Rationele antimicrobiële therapie voor sepsis bij runderen in het licht van de nieuwe wetgeving over kritisch belangrijke antibiotica

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