Immunomodulatory Potential of Patchouli Alcohol Isolated from &lt;i&gt;Pogostemon cablin&lt;/i&gt; (Blanco) Benth (Lamiaceae) in Mice

Liao, JB; Wu, DW; Peng, Sz; Xie, JH; Yc, Li; Jy, Su; Chen, JN; Su, ZR

doi:10.4314/tjpr.v12i4.18

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The purity of PA was analyzed using analytical gas chromatography (GC; Xcalibur 3.0; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA) and the chemical structure was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (IRSolution 1.4; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.), mass spectrometry (Xcalibur 3.0) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (Topsin 3.2; Bruker BioSpin, Zurich, Switzerland). GC analysis demonstrated the purity of PA was >98% (26).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protective effects of patchouli alcohol isolated from Pogostemon cablin on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice

Liao

Liu

et al. 2015

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Patchouli alcohol (PA) is a tricyclic sesquiterpene isolated from Pogostemon cablin, which exerts anti-inflammatory, anti-influenza and cognitive-enhancing bioactivities. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of PA on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice. Dexamethasone was used as a positive drug for protection against LPS-induced ALI. The results of the present study demonstrated that pretreatment with PA significantly increased survival rate, attenuated histopathologic damage and lung edema, and decreased the protein content in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of mice with ALI. Furthermore, PA significantly inhibited the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 in the BALF, downregulated the levels of myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde, and upregulated the activity levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in lung tissue. These results indicated that PA may exert potent protective effects against LPS-induced ALI in mice, the mechanisms of which are possibly associated with the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities of PA.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Isolation and purification of PA. PA was isolated from P. cablin according to methods described in our previous studies (20,24,26). The aerial parts of P. cablin, weighing 18 kg, were refluxed with 95% v/v ethanol/aqueous (40 liters x2; 60 min each time) and the extract was evaporated under a vacuum in order to obtain a residue.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effects of patchouli alcohol isolated from Pogostemon cablin on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice

Liao

Liu

et al. 2015

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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“…1) was isolated in our laboratory from patchouli oil with purity above 99.0% by gas chromatographic analysis and the optical rotation ([α] D 25 ) was measured to be-120°(c 2.0, CHCl 3 ) as reported previously [15]. Its structure was confirmed by melting point, infrared spectroscopy (IR), as well as by 1 H and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) as described in our previous work [19].…”

Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous researches have revealed that the aqueous extract of Pogostemonis Herba could effectively protect the intestinal barrier function [10] and improve the digestive function [11]. (−)-patchouli alcohol (CAS number 5986-55-0, PA), a sesquiterpene officially used as a chemical marker for the quality assessment of Pogostemonis Herba in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia [12], has proved to exhibit various biological effects, including free radical-scavenging, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities [13][14][15]. Recent work from our laboratory has also demonstrated the effectiveness of PA as a gastroprotective, anti-H. pylori and anti-urease agent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

(−)-Patchouli alcohol protects against Helicobacter pylori urease-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammatory response in human gastric epithelial cells

Xie

Lin

Xian

et al. 2016

International Immunopharmacology

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(-)-Patchouli alcohol (PA), the major active principle of Pogostemonis Herba, has been reported to have anti-Helicobacter pylori and gastroprotective effects. In the present work, we aimed to investigate the possible protective effect of PA on H. pylori urease (HPU)-injured human gastric epithelial cells (GES-1) and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action. Results showed that pre-treatment with PA (5.0, 10.0, 20.0μM) was able to remarkably ameliorate the cytotoxicity induced by 17.0U/mg HPU in GES-1 cells. Flow cytometric analysis on cellular apoptosis showed that pre-treatment with PA effectively attenuated GES-1 cells from the HPU-induced apoptosis. Moreover, the cytoprotective effect of PA was found to be associated with amelioration of the HPU-induced disruption of MMP, attenuating oxidative stress by decreasing contents of intracellular ROS and MDA, and increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymatic activities. In addition, pre-treatment with PA markedly attenuated the secretion of nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), whereas elevated the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-13 (IL-13) in the HPU-stimulated GES-1 cells. Molecular docking assay suggested that PA engaged in the active site of urease bearing nickel ions and interacted with important residues via covalent binding, thereby restricting the active urease catalysis conformation. Our experimental findings suggest that PA could inhibit the cellular processes critically involved in the pathogenesis of H. pylori infection, and its protective effects against the HPU-induced cytotoxicity in GES-1 cells are believed to be associated with its anti-apoptotic, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and HPU inhibitory actions.

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“…One study indicated that oral administration of PA could enhance phagocytic capability and improve immune organs thymus as well as spleen index and circulating serum IgM and IgG levels. Meanwhile, PA at the dose of 20 mg/Kg significantly repressed delayed type hypersensitivity reaction induced by 2,4-dinitro-chlorobenzene in Kunming mice [52]. In other words, PA exerted appreciated immunomodulatory actions through activating mononuclear phagocytic system, augmenting humoral immune responses, and suppressing cellular immune responses, meaning that PA has a broader prospect used as an immunomodulatory agent served for clinic.…”

Section: Pharmacological Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Availability, Pharmaceutics, Security, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacological Activities of Patchouli Alcohol

Hu¹,

Peng²,

Xie³

et al. 2017

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Patchouli alcohol (PA), a tricyclic sesquiterpene, is one of the critical bioactive ingredients and is mainly isolated from aerial part of Pogostemon cablin (known as guanghuoxiang in China) belonging to Labiatae. So far, PA has been widely applied in perfume industries. This review was written with the use of reliable information published between 1974 and 2016 from libraries and electronic researches including NCKI, PubMed, Reaxys, ACS, ScienceDirect, Springer, and Wiley-Blackwell, aiming at presenting comprehensive outline of security, pharmacokinetics, and bioactivities of PA and at further providing a potential guide in exploring the PA and its use in various medical fields. We found that PA maybe was a low toxic drug that was acquired numerously through vegetable oil isolation and chemical synthesis and its stability and low water dissolution were improved in pharmaceutics. It also possessed specific pharmacokinetic characteristics, such as two-compartment open model, first-order kinetic elimination, and certain biometabolism and biotransformation process, and was shown to have multiple biological activities, that is, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antitumor, antimicrobial, insecticidal, antiatherogenic, antiemetic, whitening, and sedative activity. However, the systematic evaluations of preparation, pharmaceutics, toxicology, pharmacokinetics, and bioactivities underlying molecular mechanisms of action also required further investigation prior to practices of PA in clinic.

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Immunomodulatory Potential of Patchouli Alcohol Isolated from <i>Pogostemon cablin</i> (Blanco) Benth (Lamiaceae) in Mice

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Protective effects of patchouli alcohol isolated from Pogostemon cablin on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice

Protective effects of patchouli alcohol isolated from Pogostemon cablin on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice

(−)-Patchouli alcohol protects against Helicobacter pylori urease-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammatory response in human gastric epithelial cells

Availability, Pharmaceutics, Security, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacological Activities of Patchouli Alcohol

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