Immunomodulatory extracellular vesicles: an alternative to cell therapy for COVID-19

Gupta, Ashim; Shivaji, Kashte; Kadam, Sachin; Gupta, Manu; Rodriguez, Hugo C.; Potty, Anish G.; El-Amin, Saadiq F.; Maffulli, Nicola

doi:10.1080/14712598.2021.1921141

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…These properties make them ideal for therapeutic purposes and regenerative medicine. EVs have shown promise as a therapeutic agent in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering and immunotherapy due to their characteristics that stimulate tissue regeneration and enhance immunomodulatory properties [ 12 – 14 ]. The different cell type affect the contents and functions of EVs [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The different cell type affect the contents and functions of EVs [ 15 ]. For instance, EVs derived from MSCs have the potential to promote various differentiation pathways, stimulate tissue regeneration, and modulate the immune system [ 12 – 14 ]. However, EVs derived from macrophages carry inflammatory cytokines produced by these cells, which can exert either anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory effects [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exosomes derived from M2 macrophages prevent steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by modulating inflammation, promoting bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption

Yuan,

Zhang,

Yang

et al. 2024

J Orthop Surg Res

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Inflammatory reactions are involved in the development of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head(ONFH). Studies have explored the therapeutic efficacy of inhibiting inflammatory reactions in steroid-induced ONFH and revealed that inhibiting inflammation may be a new strategy for preventing the development of steroid-induced ONFH. Exosomes derived from M2 macrophages(M2-Exos) display anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to examine the preventive effect of M2-Exos on early-stage steroid-induced ONFH and explore the underlying mechanisms involved. In vitro, we explored the effect of M2-Exos on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(BMMSCs). In vivo, we investigated the role of M2-Exos on inflammation, osteoclastogenesis, osteogenesis and angiogenesis in an early-stage rat model of steroid-induced ONFH. We found that M2-Exos promoted the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMMSCs. Additionally, M2-Exos effectively attenuated the osteonecrotic changes, inhibited the expression of proinflammatory mediators, promoted osteogenesis and angiogenesis, reduced osteoclastogenesis, and regulated the polarization of M1/M2 macrophages in steroid-induced ONFH. Taken together, our data suggest that M2-Exos are effective at preventing steroid-induced ONFH. These findings may be helpful for providing a potential strategy to prevent the development of steroid-induced ONFH.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes derived from M2 macrophages prevent steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by modulating inflammation, promoting bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption

Yuan,

Zhang,

Yang

et al. 2024

J Orthop Surg Res

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“…There is solid evidence that exosomes have similar functional roles to the cells from which they are derived, and stress conditions such as tissue damage and hypoxia can affect the composition, synthesis, and secretion of exosomes in relevant cells [10][11][12]. In recent years, many studies have shown that exosomes play an important role in antiviral, regenerative medicine and other fields [9,13]. This shows that exosomes have promising research prospects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect study of exosomes derived from platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of knee cartilage defects in rats

Zhao

et al. 2023

J Orthop Surg Res

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Background The repair of articular cartilage defects has always been a difficult problem. We aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of intra-articular injection of platelet-rich plasma (RPR) and PRP-derived exosomes (PRP-Exos) on cartilage defects in rat knee joints and then provide experience for the use of PRP-exos in cartilage defect repair. Methods Rat abdominal aortic blood was collected, and PRP was extracted by two-step centrifugation. PRP-exos were obtained by kit extraction, and PRP-exos were identified by various methods. After the rats were anesthetized, a cartilage defect subchondral bone was created at the proximal end of the origin of the femoral cruciate ligament with a drill. SD rats were divided into 4 groups, including PRP group, 50 μg/ml PRP-exos group, 5 μg/ml PRP-exos group, and control group. One week after the operation, 50 μg/ml PRP, 50 μg/ml PRP-exos, 5 μg/ml PRP-exos and normal saline were injected into the knee joint cavity of rats in each group, once a week. A total of two injections were given. On the 5th and 10th week after drug injection, the serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) were detected by each treatment method, respectively. The rats were killed at the 5th and 10th weeks, respectively, and the cartilage defect repair was observed and scored. The defect repair tissue sections were used for HE staining and type II collagen immunohistochemical staining. Results The histological results showed that both PRP-exos and PRP could promote cartilage defect repair and type II collagen formation, and the promoting effect of PRP-exos was significantly better than that of PRP. In addition, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results showed that compared with PRP, PRP-exos could significantly increase serum TIMP-1 and decrease serum MMP-3 in rats. And the promoting effect of PRP-exos was concentration dependent. Conclusion Intra-articular injection of PRP-exos and PRP can promote the repair of articular cartilage defects, and the therapeutic effect of PRP-exos is better than the same concentration of PRP. PRP-exos are expected to be an effective treatment for cartilage repair and regeneration.

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“…The novel Coronavirus disease, COVID-19, caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome cornovirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), rapidly progressed into the global pandemic since the first case was detected in Wuhan, China in December, 2019 [1][2][3][4][5]. As of February 25, 2022 there are about 431 million cases and over 5.93 million deaths worldwide [6].…”

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confidence: 99%

Dental Anxiety Associated with Visiting Dental Clinics before and after Getting COVID-19 Vaccine

Gupta¹,

Gupta²

2022

Ann Dent Sci

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Immunomodulatory extracellular vesicles: an alternative to cell therapy for COVID-19

Cited by 10 publications

References 83 publications

Exosomes derived from M2 macrophages prevent steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by modulating inflammation, promoting bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption

Exosomes derived from M2 macrophages prevent steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by modulating inflammation, promoting bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption

Effect study of exosomes derived from platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of knee cartilage defects in rats

Dental Anxiety Associated with Visiting Dental Clinics before and after Getting COVID-19 Vaccine

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