Immunomodulatory Effects of the<i>Agaricus blazei</i>Murrill-Based Mushroom Extract AndoSan in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Undergoing High Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation: A Randomized, Double Blinded Clinical Study

Tangen, Jon‐Magnus; Tierens, Anne; Caers, Jo; Binsfeld, Marilène; Olstad, Ole Kristoffer; Trøseid, Anne-Marie Siebke; Wang, Junbai; Tjønnfjord, Geir E.; Hetland, Geir

doi:10.1155/2015/718539

Cited by 47 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…Many tumors have defects in activation of apoptosis because of overexpression of Bcl-2 pro-survival proteins or by inactivation of the p53 pathway (Adams and Cory, 2018). There is evidence that mushroom extracts have direct cytotoxic effects on cancer cells, which partially explains the in vivo effect on reducing tumor growth and anti-metastasis effect (Arata et al, 2016;Tangen et al, 2015). One of the mechanisms is induction of apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway, increasing Bax and decreasing Bcl-2 expression (Liang et al, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apoptosis induction by Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer extracts on colorectal cancer cell lines

Finimundy

Abreu

Bonetto

et al. 2018

Food and Chemical Toxicology

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Pleurotus sajor-caju (PSC) is an edible mushroom used in food supplements, presenting antitumor properties through induction of cell death pathways. The PSC potential against colorectal cancer was analyzed by exposing HCT116 cells to different PSC extracts. The PSC n-hexane extract (PSC-hex) showed the highest cytotoxicity effect (IC value 0.05 mg/mL). The observed cytotoxicity was then associated to apoptosis-promoting and cell cycle-arrest pathways. PSC-hex was able to induce apoptosis related to breakdown of mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS generation. The absence of cytotoxicity in HTC116 and HTC116 cells, alongside with an increase in p53, Bax and Caspase-3 expression, and decrease in Bcl-2 expression, supports that the pro-apoptotic effect is probably induced through a p53 associated pathway. PSC-hex induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M in HCT116 without cytotoxicity in HTC116 cells. These findings suggest that a p21/p53 cell cycle regulation pathway is probably disrupted by compounds present on PSC-hex. Identification of the major components was then performed with ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3β-ol representing 30.6% of total weight. In silico docking studies of ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3β against Bcl-2 were performed and results show a credible interaction with the Bcl-2 hydrophobic cleft. The results show that PSC-hex can be used as supplementary food for adjuvant therapy in colorectal carcinoma.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apoptosis induction by Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer extracts on colorectal cancer cell lines

Finimundy

Abreu

Bonetto

et al. 2018

Food and Chemical Toxicology

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“…In a very recent larger, placebo-controlled clinical study in UC patients we did also observe improved clinical effects of Andosan ™ after 3 weeks [54]. Since the same dose of Andosan ™ (60 ml/day) had also been used in the clinical multiple myeloma study for 7 weeks without side-effects [13], the extract is considered safe. Hence, to determine whether Andosan ™ could be a safe, add-on treatment for patients with colorectal cancer, a clinical trial should be performed in such patients with relapse after surgery or who are on palliative treatment only.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Previously, we have found reduced levels of pro-inflammatory serum cytokines after intake of Andosan ™ in patients with the inflammatory bowel diseases, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis (UC) [11]–the latter of which predisposing for colon cancer—and in patients with multiple myeloma [13]. In a very recent larger, placebo-controlled clinical study in UC patients we did also observe improved clinical effects of Andosan ™ after 3 weeks [54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Previously, another AbM extract has been shown to have cytotoxic effect on yet another human cancer colon cell line, HT-29, in addition to eight other human cancer cell lines [17]. Recently, we have found anti-proliferative effect of Andosan ™ on a murine myeloma cell line [13]. Of the two additional mushrooms contained in Andosan ™ , Hericium erinaceus , which comprises ~15% of the mixed mushroom extract, has been shown to specifically inhibit metastasis of colon cancer in a transplanted mouse model [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In human studies we have found that Andosan ™ induced increased expression of genes related to cancer defence in peripheral blood leukocytes (cell signaling and cycling, and transcriptional regulation) [10], and it also proved to have anti-inflammatory properties in IBD patients and healthy individuals without any pathological findings in blood samples or clinical side effects [11, 12]. In a recent placebo-controlled clinical study, Andosan ™ was given orally as adjuvant therapy for patients with multiple myeloma undergoing high-dose chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation and found to have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects [13]. Clinically, trends for a longer median time to next treatment and shorter antibiotics use were noted in the mushroom extract group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Agaricus blazei-Based Mushroom Extract, Andosan™, Protects against Intestinal Tumorigenesis in the A/J Min/+ Mouse

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThe novel A/J Min/+ mouse, which is a model for human Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP), develops spontaneously multiple adenocarcinomas in the colon as well as in the small intestine. Agaricus blazei Murill (AbM) is an edible Basidiomycetes mushroom that has been used in traditional medicine against cancer and other diseases. The mushroom contains immunomodulating β-glucans and is shown to have antitumor effects in murine cancer models. Andosan™ is a water extract based on AbM (82%), but it also contains the medicinal Basidiomycetes mushrooms Hericeum erinaceus and Grifola frondosa.Methods and findingsTap water with 10% Andosan™ was provided as the only drinking water for 15 or 22 weeks to A/J Min/+ mice and A/J wild-type mice (one single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) difference), which then were exsanguinated and their intestines preserved in formaldehyde and the serum frozen. The intestines were examined blindly by microscopy and also stained for the tumor-associated protease, legumain. Serum cytokines (pro- and anti-inflammatory, Th1-, Th2 -and Th17 type) were measured by Luminex multiplex analysis. Andosan™ treated A/J Min/+ mice had a significantly lower number of adenocarcinomas in the intestines, as well as a 60% significantly reduced intestinal tumor load (number of tumors x size) compared to control. There was also reduced legumain expression in intestines from Andosan™ treated animals. Moreover, Andosan™ had a significant cytotoxic effect correlating with apoptosis on the human cancer colon cell line, Caco-2, in vitro. When examining serum from both A/J Min/+ and wild type mice, there was a significant increase in anti-tumor Th1 type and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the Andosan™ treated mice.ConclusionsThe results from this mouse model for colorectal cancer shows significant protection of orally administered Andosan™ against development of intestinal cancer. This is supported by the finding of less legumain in intestines of Andosan™ treated mice and increased systemic Th1 cytokine response. The mechanism is probably both immuno-modulatory and growth inhibition of tumor cells by induction of apoptosis.

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Botanical drugs and supplements affecting the immune response in the time of COVID‐19: Implications for research and clinical practice

Brendler

Al‐Harrasi

Bauer

et al. 2020

Phytotherapy Research

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In times of health crisis, including the current COVID‐19 pandemic, the potential benefit of botanical drugs and supplements emerges as a focus of attention, although controversial efficacy claims are rightly a concern. Phytotherapy has an established role in everyday self‐care and health care, but, since botanical preparations contain many chemical constituents rather than single compounds, challenges arise in demonstrating efficacy and safety. However, there is ample traditional, empirical, and clinical evidence that botanicals can offer some protection and alleviation of disease symptoms as well as promoting general well‐being. Newly emerging viral infections, specifically COVID‐19, represent a unique challenge in their novelty and absence of established antiviral treatment or immunization. We discuss here the roles and limitations of phytotherapy in helping to prevent and address viral infections, especially regarding their effects on immune response. Botanicals with a documented immunomodulatory, immunostimulatory, and antiinflammatory effects include adaptogens, Boswellia spp., Curcuma longa, Echinacea spp., Glycyrrhiza spp., medicinal fungi, Pelargonium sidoides, salicylate‐yielding herbs, and Sambucus spp. We further provide a clinical perspective on applications and safety of these herbs in prevention, onset, progression, and convalescence from respiratory viral infections.

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Immunomodulatory Effects of theAgaricus blazeiMurrill-Based Mushroom Extract AndoSan in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Undergoing High Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation: A Randomized, Double Blinded Clinical Study

Cited by 47 publications

References 50 publications

Apoptosis induction by Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer extracts on colorectal cancer cell lines

Apoptosis induction by Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer extracts on colorectal cancer cell lines

The Agaricus blazei-Based Mushroom Extract, Andosan™, Protects against Intestinal Tumorigenesis in the A/J Min/+ Mouse

Botanical drugs and supplements affecting the immune response in the time of COVID‐19: Implications for research and clinical practice

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