Immunomodulatory Effects ofDioscoreae RhizomeAgainst Inflammation through Suppressed Production of Cytokines Via Inhibition of the NF-κB Pathway

Abstract

Dioscoreae Rhizome (DR) has been used in traditional medicine to treat numerous diseases and is reported to have anti-diabetes and anti-tumor activities. To identify a bioactive traditional medicine with anti-inflammatory activity of a water extract of DR (EDR), we determined the mRNA and protein levels of proinflammatory cytokines in macrophages through RT-PCR and western blot analysis and performed a FACS analysis for measuring surface molecules. EDR dose-dependently decreased the production of NO and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and PGE2, as well as mRNA levels of iNOS, COX-2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, as determined by western blot and RT-PCR analysis, respectively. The expression of co-stimulatory molecules such as B7-1 and B7-2 was also reduced by EDR. Furthermore, activation of the nuclear transcription factor, NF-κB, but not that of IL-4 and IL-10, in macrophages was inhibited by EDR. These results show that EDR decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines via inhibition of NF-κB-dependent inflammatory protein level, suggesting that EDR could be a useful immunomodulatory agent for treating immunological diseases.

Toluhydroquinone from A spergillus sp. suppress inflammatory mediators via nuclear factor-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinases pathways in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells

“…MAPKs, involving extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK), p38 and c‐jun N terminal kinase (JNK), regulate expression of iNOS, COX‐2 and pro‐inflammatory cytokines in LPS‐stimulated RAW264.7 cells [8,16]. LPS‐induced phosphorylation of Akt leads to activation of NF‐κB [17].…”

“…Increase of NO production is mediated to many diseases, such as carcinogenesis, circulatory shock and inflammation. Thus, inhibition of NO production can be a resolution for inflammatory diseases [16,19]. iNOS inhibitors, which are inhibitors of NO synthesis, have been studied to treat inflammatory diseases on arthritis and colitis [5].…”

Pharmacognostic outlooks on medical herbs of Sasang typology

“…35 , 59 Saponin drugs and sesquiterpene drugs in TE type-specific herbs are used as antitussive and expectorant agents. There were antitussive, 39 , 50 anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial, 39 , 46 antitussive, 46 , 60 anti-inflammatory and osteoprotective, 32 , 61 anti-inflammatory and antitussive, 31 , 50 sedative, 32 , 39 expectorant and antitussive, 31 , 60 antidiabetic and immunomodulatory, 62 anti-asthmatic and anti-inflammatory, 32 , 63 antitussive and anti-inflammatory, 39 and inflammatory and antimicrobial 46 , 60 properties in this group.…”

Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Zhibai Dihuang Wan in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Based on Network Biology

“…PTGS2, known as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), is involved in the inflammation process in LN [52]. Extract of RD could decrease proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, and COX-2 by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway [53]. Furthermore, one finding is that the extract of CM has anti-inflammatory effects through the inhibition of COX-2 expression by suppressing the phosphorylation of I-κBα and the activation of NF-κB [54].…”