Immunomodulatory and antiparasitic effects of garlic extract on Eimeria vermiformis-infected mice

Abstract

We investigated the immunomodulatory and parasiticidal effects of garlic extract on coccidiosis caused by Eimeria vermiformis infection in male ICR mice. One group received garlic extract daily until the end of the experiment by the oral route from 10 days prior to oral infection with 300 sporulated E. vermiformis oocysts (infected-garlic(+)). The other group served as a control positive with E. vermiformis infection alone (infected-garlic(-)). In the infected-garlic(+) group, garlic extract treatment induced a significant reduction in fecal oocyst output when compared with the infected-garlic(-) group. Histopathological, immunohistochemical, and gene expression analysis for inflammatory cytokines in ileal tissues showed that the garlic extract treatment impaired intracellular development of E. vermiformis during the early stages by increasing the number of intraepithelial CD8(+) T cells and decreasing IL-10 expression. This induced cell cytotoxicity which was reflected by a decrease in oocyst numbers in the intestinal villi and the feces, indicating anticoccidial effects of the garlic extract. However, further studies to explore the precise mechanism of the observed effects of garlic treatment during Eimeria infection are needed to verify our results.

La médecine ethnovétérinaire à la croisée de la recherche scientifique : synthèse des connaissances et perspectives

“…Des études ont même permis de comprendre le mécanisme d'action de certains composés isolés à partir des plantes utilisées en médecine traditionnelle vétérinaire (Sakkas et Papadopoulou, 2017). Les composés agissent notamment en renforçant le système immunitaire des animaux à travers la stimulation des macrophages ou en détruisant l'agent pathogène (Khalil et al, 2015). (Dharani et al, 2015).…”

In vitro efficacy of allicin on chicken Eimeria tenella sporozoites

“…It has been shown that allicin has antibacterial and antifungal properties of potential medical importance (Borlinghaus et al 2014). Garlic extract as well as isolated secondary metabolites like propyl thiosulfinate oxide and propyl thiosulfinate have been shown to exhibit partial anticoccidial activity in vivo and in vitro (Kim et al 2013;Khalil et al 2015). In this study, efficacy of targeted allicin treatment on the development of chicken E. tenella sporozoites in cell culture was studied.…”

Garlic essential oil ameliorates depression-like behaviors in unpredictable chronic mild stress by modulating the brain NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and influencing the gut barrier and microbiota

“…15 Garlic (Allium sativum L.), a typical traditional food with culinary and medicinal properties, is used for its antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, antithrombotic, hypolipidemic, and hypoglycemic properties in traditional Chinese medicine. 16,17 Nillert et al reported that aged garlic extract has neuroprotective effects on improving cognitive dysfunction by mediating the neuroinflammation of Aβ-induced rats. 18 Epidemiological studies have reported a negative association with a variety of cancer types attributed to organosulfur compounds of garlic such as diallyl sulfide (DAS), diallyl disulfide (DADS), diallyl trisulfide (DATS), and volatile compounds found in garlic.…”