Immunomodulatory Actions of Nitric Oxide

McInnes, Iain B.; Liew, Foo Y.

doi:10.1007/0-306-46816-6_10

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…NO increases mucociliary clearance by upregulating ciliary motility; an association between low levels of NO and impaired mucociliary transport has been established [23,24]. Importantly, nitric oxide can display a pro- or anti-inflammatory effect conditioned by the type and phase of airway inflammation, its local concentration, and the individual response [25]. In the respiratory tract, nitric oxide has been shown to be involved in both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immunologic response [5,26,27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arginase Isoform Expression in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Vlad

Albu

2019

JCM

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Nitric oxide (NO) has emerged as an important regulator of upper airway inflammation, mainly as part of the local naso-sinusal defense mechanisms. Increased arginase activity can reduce NO levels by decreasing the availability of its precursor, L-arginine. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has been associated with low levels of nasal nitric oxide (nNO). Thus, the present study investigates the activity of arginase I (ARG1) and II (ARG2) in CRS and its possible involvement in the pathogenesis of this disease. Under endoscopic view, tissue samples of pathologic (n = 36) and normal (n = 29) rhinosinusal mucosa were collected. Arginase I and II mRNA levels were measured using real-time PCR. Our results showed low arginase I activity in all samples. The levels of ARG2 were significantly higher in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis compared to the control group (fold regulation (FR) 2.22 ± 0.42 vs. 1.31 ± 0.21, p = 0.016). Increased ARG2 expression was found in patients with CRS without nasal polyposis (FR 3.14 ± 1.16 vs. 1.31 ± 0.21, p = 0.0175), in non-allergic CRS (FR 2.55 ± 0.52 vs. 1.31 ± 0.21, p = 0.005), and non-asthmatic CRS (FR 2.42 ± 0.57 vs. 1.31 ± 0.21, p = 0.028). These findings suggest that the upregulation of ARG2 may play a role in the pathology of a distinctive phenotype of CRS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arginase Isoform Expression in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Vlad

Albu

2019

JCM

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“…Results obtained after chemical iNOS inhibition during Salmonella infection have suggested that impaired RNS production can lead to a reduction of macrophage tissue infiltration and granuloma formation (32,36). Nitrogen oxides are known to play a role in the positive regulation of macrophage inhibitory protein (MIP)-1␣, a powerful chemoattractant for macrophages (51), and have additional important immunoregulatory properties (52). However, in this study we found the morphology of granulomatous lesions to be very similar in the tissues of iNOS Ϫ/Ϫ and congenic wild-type mice infected with S. typhimurium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Actions of the Nadph Phagocyte Oxidase and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Experimental Salmonellosis. II. Effects on Microbial Proliferation and Host Survival in Vivo

Mastroeni

Vázquez‐Torres

Fang

et al. 2000

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

365

325

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The roles of the NADPH phagocyte oxidase (phox) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in host resistance to virulent Salmonella typhimurium were investigated in gp91phox −/−, iNOS −/−, and congenic wild-type mice. Although both gp91phox −/− and iNOS −/− mice demonstrated increased susceptibility to infection with S. typhimurium compared with wild-type mice, the kinetics of bacterial replication were dramatically different in the gp91phox −/− and iNOS −/− mouse strains. Greater bacterial numbers were present in the spleens and livers of gp91phox −/− mice compared with C57BL/6 controls as early as day 1 of infection, and all of the gp91phox −/− mice succumbed to infection within 5 d. In contrast, an increased bacterial burden was detected within reticuloendothelial organs of iNOS −/− mice only beyond the first week of infection. Influx of inflammatory CD11b+ cells, granuloma formation, and serum interferon γ levels were unimpaired in iNOS −/− mice, but the iNOS-deficient granulomas were unable to limit bacterial replication. The NADPH phagocye oxidase and iNOS are both required for host resistance to wild-type Salmonella, but appear to operate principally at different stages of infection.

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Immunomodulatory Actions of Nitric Oxide

Cited by 2 publications

References 70 publications

Arginase Isoform Expression in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Arginase Isoform Expression in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Antimicrobial Actions of the Nadph Phagocyte Oxidase and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Experimental Salmonellosis. II. Effects on Microbial Proliferation and Host Survival in Vivo

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