Immunomodulation of Labeo rohita juveniles due to dietary gelatinized and non-gelatinized starch

Kumar, Vikas; Sahu, Narottam Prasad; Pal, A. K.; Kumar, Shivendra

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2006.11.008

Cited by 54 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Our results indicate that different levels of carbohydrate from 15 to 35 % significantly increased growth rate and PER. This is similar to those reported in rohu (Labeo rohita) and grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) (Kumar et al 2007;Tian et al 2012). Better utilization of carbohydrate by fish may be related to anatomical and functional differences of the gastrointestinal tract and associated organs (Krogdahl et al 2005).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Growth performance and thyroid hormones of Caspian kutum, Rutilus frissi, juveniles in response to dietary carbohydrate levels

et al. 2014

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a practical diet containing different carbohydrate levels on growth rate, feed utilization, and thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) of Caspian kutum fingerlings. Fish with an initial average weight of 0.8 ± 0.2 g were fed five formulated isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets with different carbohydrate levels of 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 % in triplicate groups for 10 weeks. Based on the results, growth performance of Rutilus frissi was significantly affected by the dietary carbohydrate levels (P \ 0.05). Maximum weight gain, specific growth rate, and protein efficiency ratio was observed in the fish fed diet with 35 % carbohydrate. Results of thyroid hormones showed that T4 levels were not significantly different by different carbohydrate levels (P [ 0.05). The highest amount of T4 was observed in kutum juveniles fed with a carbohydrate level of 15 %. The levels of T4 were significantly affected by dietary carbohydrate levels (P \ 0.05) with the highest amount in kutum juveniles fed 15 % of carbohydrate. In conclusion, this study indicates that increasing carbohydrate levels from 15 to 35 %, with no negative effects on growth parameters in R. frissi juveniles, leads to an efficient protein ratio and optimal growth. Moreover, no clear correlation was found between fish growth and thyroid hormones.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Growth performance and thyroid hormones of Caspian kutum, Rutilus frissi, juveniles in response to dietary carbohydrate levels

et al. 2014

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“…In rainbow trout fed a diet containing 30% starch, it was observed that growth and feed efficiency were improved by increasing G starch but reached a plateau at around 40% (Jeong et al 1992a). Recently, in our previous study (Kumar et al 2007), a similar result was noted showing that , L. rohita fed diets containing 43% starch showed improved growth performance and health status when the dietary non-gelatinized (NG): gelatinized (G) starch ratio was 80:20. Diets with a different NG:G starch ratio did not have any advantage on growth of L. rohita fingerlings, which indicates that the metabolism is highly influenced by the type of starch (G or NG) in the diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…After the acclimation period of 20 days, 234 juveniles (2.53 ± 0.04 g) were randomly distributed in six experimental groups with three replicates each in a plastic tank of 150-l capacity (80 9 57 9 42 cm) following a completely randomized design (Kumar et al 2007(Kumar et al , 2008a. Each diet was fed twice daily (08:00 and 18:00 h) at 2.5% of the body weight for 60 days under normal light regime (light/ dark: 12/12 h).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of key enzymes of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, amino acid catabolism, and TCA cycle of the tropical freshwater fish Labeo rohita fed gelatinized and non-gelatinized starch diet

Kumar

Sahu

Pal

et al. 2010

Fish Physiol Biochem

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A 60-day experiment was conducted to study the effect of dietary gelatinized (G) and non-gelatinized (NG) starch on the key metabolic enzymes of glycolysis (hexokinase, glucokinase, pyruvate kinase, and lactate dehydrogenase), gluconeogenesis (glucose-6 phosphatase and fructose-1,6 bisphosphatase), protein metabolism (aspartate amino transferase and alanine amino transferase), and TCA cycle (malate dehydrogenase) in Labeo rohita juveniles. In the analysis, 234 juveniles (2.53 +/- 0.04 g) were randomly distributed into six treatment groups each with three replicates. Six semi-purified diets containing NG and G cornstarch, each at six levels of inclusion (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100) were prepared viz., T1 (100% NG, 0% G starch), T2 (80% NG, 20% G starch), T3 (60% NG, 40% G starch), T4 (40% NG, 60% G starch), T5 (20% NG, 80% G starch), and T6 (0% NG, 100% G starch). Dietary G:NG starch ratio had a significant (P < 0.05) effect on the glycolytic enzymes, the highest activities were observed in the T6 group and lowest in the T1 group. On the contrary, the gluconeogenic enzymes, the glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6 bisphosphatase activities in the organs, liver and kidney were recorded highest in the T1 group and lowest in the T6 group. The liver aspartate amino transferase activity showed an increasing trend with the decrease in the dietary G level. However, the muscle aspartate amino transferase activity was not significantly (P > 0.05) influenced by the type of dietary starch. The alanine amino transferase activity in both liver and muscle showed an increasing trend with the decrease in the dietary G level. The liver and muscle malate dehydrogenase activities were lowest in the T6 group and highest in the T1 group. Results suggest that NG (100%) starch diet significantly induced more the enzyme activities of amino acid metabolism, gluconeogenesis, and TCA cycle, whereas partial or total replacement of raw starch by gelatinized starch increased the glycolytic enzyme activity.

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“…Kumar et al (2006) in their experiments found that RBC count and hemoglobin content were significantly reduced due to bacterial challenge, but dietary starch (gelatinized and nongelatinized) does not increase the hematological response (RBC count and hemoglobin content), whereas the dietary starch enhanced WBC count. The decreased RBC counts and lower hemoglobin concentration in infected fish indicate that RBCs are being destroyed by the leukocytosis activity in an erythrocytic anemia with subsequent erythroblastosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Specific and nonspecific immunostimulation study ofEuphorbia hirtaonPseudomonas fluorescens-infectedCyprinus carpio

Pratheepa

Sukumaran

2011

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Immunomodulation of Labeo rohita juveniles due to dietary gelatinized and non-gelatinized starch

Cited by 54 publications

References 30 publications

Growth performance and thyroid hormones of Caspian kutum, Rutilus frissi, juveniles in response to dietary carbohydrate levels

Growth performance and thyroid hormones of Caspian kutum, Rutilus frissi, juveniles in response to dietary carbohydrate levels

Modulation of key enzymes of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, amino acid catabolism, and TCA cycle of the tropical freshwater fish Labeo rohita fed gelatinized and non-gelatinized starch diet

Specific and nonspecific immunostimulation study ofEuphorbia hirtaonPseudomonas fluorescens-infectedCyprinus carpio

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