Immunomodulation in mycotoxicoses other than aflatoxicosis

Thurston, John R.; Richard, J. L.; Peden, W. M.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-4235-6_14

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Richard and Thurston [33] have presented a comprehensive report about immunomodulation by mycotoxins. This report, however, does not contain data referring to swine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of the influence of ochratoxin A on immune and defence reactions in weaners

Müller

Kielstein

Rosner

et al. 1999

Mycoses

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Even in subtoxic amounts, the mycotoxin, ochratoxin A, produced immunomodulation in weaner pigs in a dose-dependent mode. In addition to increased counts of total leukocytes and neutrophils in the blood, reduced lymphocyte levels were observed. There was a striking increase in the counts of eosinophils and of apoptotic phagocytes. Functionally, there was a predominance of the production of reactive oxygen radicals in whole blood, reduced phagocytosis performance and reduced expression of a swine-specific surface marker (SWC1) on lymphocytes. In a few single experiments, clinical manifestations could be demonstrated. Lung clearance and the degree of severity of experimental pneumonia as well as cutaneous hypersensitization may be influenced by ochratoxin A.

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“…Richard and Thurston [33] have presented a comprehensive report about immunomodulation by mycotoxins. This report, however, does not contain data referring to swine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of the influence of ochratoxin A on immune and defence reactions in weaners

Müller

Kielstein

Rosner

et al. 1999

Mycoses

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“…It disrupts phenylalanine metabolism, causing kidney damage in multiple species. In addition, it leads to immunosuppression (45) and increased cancer risk (44). In swine, OTA causes changes in renal function and altered urine excretion (42).…”

Section: Mycotoxins: Animal Health Effects and Concentration Factor I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxins in Ethanol Co-products: Modeling Economic Impacts on the Livestock Industry and Management Strategies

Munkvold

2008

J. Agric. Food Chem.

163

107

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The rapidly expanding U.S. ethanol industry is generating a growing supply of co-products, mostly in the form of dried distillers' grain and solubles (DDGS) or wet distillers' grains (WDG). In the United States, 90% of the co-products of maize-based ethanol are fed to livestock. An unintended consequence is that animals are likely to be fed higher levels of mycotoxins, which are concentrated up to three times in DDGS compared to grain. The model developed in this study estimates current losses to the swine industry from weight gain reduction due to fumonisins in added DDGS at $9 million ($2-18 million) annually. If there is complete market penetration of DDGS in swine feed with 20% DDGS inclusion in swine feed and fumonisins are not controlled, losses may increase to $147 million ($29-293 million) annually. These values represent only those losses attributable to one mycotoxin on one adverse outcome on one species. The total loss due to mycotoxins in DDGS could be significantly higher due to additive or multiplicative effects of multiple mycotoxins on animal health. If mycotoxin surveillance is implemented by ethanol producers, losses are shifted among multiple stakeholders. Solutions to this problem include methods to reduce mycotoxin contamination in both pre- and postharvest maize.

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“…Gliotoxin also contributes to the pathogenesis of vaginal candidiasis (39). Jakab et al (17) (55), and Pestka and Bondy (56,57).…”

Section: Effects Of Mycotoxins On Alveolar Macrophages and Immune Funmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal spores: hazardous to health?

Sorenson

1999

Environ Health Perspect

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Fungi have long been known to affect human well being in various ways, including disease of essential crop plants, decay of stored foods with possible concomitant production of mycotoxins, superficial and systemic infection of human tissues, and disease associated with immune stimulation such as hypersensitivity pneumonitis and toxic pneumonitis. The spores of a large number of important fungi are less than 5 microm aerodynamic diameter, and therefore are able to enter the lungs. They also may contain significant amounts of mycotoxins. Diseases associated with inhalation of fungal spores include toxic pneumonitis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, tremors, chronic fatigue syndrome, kidney failure, and cancer.

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Immunomodulation in mycotoxicoses other than aflatoxicosis

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

Studies of the influence of ochratoxin A on immune and defence reactions in weaners

Studies of the influence of ochratoxin A on immune and defence reactions in weaners

Mycotoxins in Ethanol Co-products: Modeling Economic Impacts on the Livestock Industry and Management Strategies

Fungal spores: hazardous to health?

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