Immunological Techniques to Assess Protein Thiol Redox State: Opportunities, Challenges and Solutions

Cobley, James N.; Husi, Holger

doi:10.3390/antiox9040315

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 223 publications

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“…A modern, underappreciated opportunity exists to use Click PEGylation to realize the transformative power of simple, time and cost-efficient immunological techniques. Click PEGylation harnesses selective, bio-orthogonal Click chemistry to separate reduced and reversibly oxidized thiols by selectively ligating a low molecular weight polyethylene glycol moiety to the redox state of interest [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress in Preterm Infants: Overview of Current Evidence and Future Prospects

et al. 2020

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Preterm birth (PTB), defined as parturition prior to 37 weeks of gestation, is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal population. The incidence and severity of complications of prematurity increase with decreasing gestational age and birthweight. The aim of this review study is to select the most current evidence on the role of oxidative stress in the onset of preterm complication prevention strategies and treatment options with pre-clinical and clinical trials. We also provide a literature review of primary and secondary studies on the role of oxidative stress in preterm infants and its eventual treatment in prematurity diseases. We conducted a systematic literature search of the Medline (Pubmed), Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases, retroactively, over a 7-year period. From an initial 777 articles identified, 25 articles were identified that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of these, there were 11 literature reviews: one prospective cohort study, one experimental study, three case-control studies, three pre-clinical trials, and six clinical trials. Several biomarkers were identified as particularly promising, such as the products of the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, those of the oxidation of phenylalanine, and the hydroxyl radicals that can attack the DNA chain. Among the most promising drugs, there are those for the prevention of neurological damage, such as melatonin, retinoid lactoferrin, and vitamin E. The microbiome also has an important role in oxidative stress. In conclusion, the most recent studies show that a strong relationship between oxidative stress and prematurity exists and that, unfortunately, there is still little therapeutic evidence reported in the literature.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress in Preterm Infants: Overview of Current Evidence and Future Prospects

et al. 2020

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“…Protein thiol oxidation : Redox proteomics approaches are useful to measure protein thiol oxidation in a systematic high-throughput manner [ 175 , 176 , 177 , 178 , 179 ]. Immunological techniques (e.g., Click PEGylation) can also be used to assess the redox state of a protein of interest by Western blotting [ 180 , 181 , 182 , 183 ].…”

Section: How Mitochondria Produce Superoxide In Art: the Unknownmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While fertilization is well known to increase H 2 O 2 production in sea urchins [ 271 , 272 , 273 ], Amaya’s group [ 274 ] recently tied fertilization triggered Ca 2+ -induced mitochondrial ROS release to the regulation of the embryonic cell cycle via reversible cdc25c oxidation in Xenopus laevis . By tying mitochondrial ROS to the early cell cycle via thiol oxidation, their work provides a precedent to reimagine the 2-cell block as increased thiol oxidation of regulatory cell cycle proteins [ 183 ] (see Figure 7 ). Consistent with this, reversing protein thiol oxidation may explain the ability of recombinant thioredoxin to release the 2-cell block [ 22 , 261 , 275 , 276 ].…”

Section: A Framework For Interpreting the Role Of Mitochondrial Romentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consistent with this, reversing protein thiol oxidation may explain the ability of recombinant thioredoxin to release the 2-cell block [ 22 , 261 , 275 , 276 ]. To disambiguate the molecular details of ART-induced oxidative stress (e.g., source-target relationships), protein thiol oxidation of key regulatory proteins should be assessed [ 183 , 277 ]. Finally, intimate ties between mitochondria-regulated metabolites (e.g., succinate) and epigenetics raise the potential for far-reaching ART-induced oxidative stress, secondary to aberrant epigenetic wiring [ 278 , 279 , 280 ], which could impact imprinting [ 281 ].…”

Section: A Framework For Interpreting the Role Of Mitochondrial Romentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms of Mitochondrial ROS Production in Assisted Reproduction: The Known, the Unknown, and the Intriguing

Cobley

2020

Antioxidants

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The consensus that assisted reproduction technologies (ART), like in vitro fertilization, to induce oxidative stress (i.e., the known) belies how oocyte/zygote mitochondria—a major presumptive oxidative stressor—produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) with ART being unknown. Unravelling how oocyte/zygote mitochondria produce ROS is important for disambiguating the molecular basis of ART-induced oxidative stress and, therefore, to rationally target it (e.g., using site-specific mitochondria-targeted antioxidants). I review the known mechanisms of ROS production in somatic mitochondria to critique how oocyte/zygote mitochondria may produce ROS (i.e., the unknown). Several plausible site- and mode-defined mitochondrial ROS production mechanisms in ART are proposed. For example, complex I catalyzed reverse electron transfer-mediated ROS production is conceivable when oocytes are initially extracted due to at least a 10% increase in molecular dioxygen exposure (i.e., the intriguing). To address the term oxidative stress being used without recourse to the underlying chemistry, I use the species-specific spectrum of biologically feasible reactions to define plausible oxidative stress mechanisms in ART. Intriguingly, mitochondrial ROS-derived redox signals could regulate embryonic development (i.e., their production could be beneficial). Their potential beneficial role raises the clinical challenge of attenuating oxidative damage while simultaneously preserving redox signaling. This discourse sets the stage to unravel how mitochondria produce ROS in ART, and their biological roles from oxidative damage to redox signaling.

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“…ROS include chemically heterogeneous free radicals (e.g., superoxide) and non-radicals (e.g., hydrogen peroxide) vital for cell development, survival and signaling [6] . Redox signaling occurs through posttranslational oxidation of proteins (e.g., cysteine residues) [7,8] . Moreover, there is also a known cross-talk between ROS and neutrophil inflammation clearance and pro-inflammatory markers [5,9] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress and inflammation in the development of cardiovascular disease and contrast induced nephropathy

Cervantes-Gracia

Raja²,

Llanas-Cornejo

et al. 2020

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Utilization of contrast media to visualize vasculature structures in the setting of cardiovascular disorders (CVD) can lead to acute kidney injury, referred to as contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). CIN can potentiate mortality and hospitalization in aged individuals, patients with CVD, nephropathy, enhancing kidney damage, and cardiac events. Preventing CIN by identifying risk factors is important. The underlying mechanisms of CIN pathology are unclear, but the key factors include direct cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, vascular and endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory processes. Reactive Oxygen Species and inflammatory mediators have been proposed as key factors influencing the development of CIN and CVD, and the elucidation of the interplay between the mechanisms evoked by them may provide a better understanding of the signaling processes happening in these conditions, thereby potentially enabling early identification, prevention and characterization of novel drug targets.

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Immunological Techniques to Assess Protein Thiol Redox State: Opportunities, Challenges and Solutions

Cited by 22 publications

References 223 publications

Oxidative Stress in Preterm Infants: Overview of Current Evidence and Future Prospects

Oxidative Stress in Preterm Infants: Overview of Current Evidence and Future Prospects

Mechanisms of Mitochondrial ROS Production in Assisted Reproduction: The Known, the Unknown, and the Intriguing

Oxidative stress and inflammation in the development of cardiovascular disease and contrast induced nephropathy

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