Immunological Study of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Isolated from Pneumoniae Infection Patients

Abstract

This study aimed for isolation and identification of Klebsiella pneumoniae was an opportunistic pathogen responsible for a wide range of clinical syndromes such as pneumonia in both hospital and community settings. Assessment some immune parameter this study was carried out in Al-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital in Al-Diwaniya Province during the period from December 2018 to February 2019. A total of 272 individuals in both sex: 139 males and 133 females, including 210 sputum and blood specimens were collected from patients with pneumonia and 62 blood specimens were collected from healthy persons as a control group. The result of Microbiological tests of sputum was found 120(57.2%) specimens as Gram negative bacteria. From these specimens found 62(51.7%) have been appeared as positive result for K. pneumoniae and represented a major cause for pneumonia in this study, 37(59.7%) of them were males and 25(40.3%) female. 59(95.16%) of K. pneumoniae isolates have capsule when stained negatively with Indian ink. While, 60 (96.77%) isolates were appeared hypermucoviscosity (HVM) phenotype. The level of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and toll like receptor (TLR4) concentration was measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELIZA) and was found that IFN-γ is significantly (p ˂0.05) raised in all age groups of patients in comparison to the healthy control groups. The level of IFN-γ in age group (1-10) years recorded high percentage (293.123) compared with other age groups.. On the other hand, the level of TLR4 concentration was found that is significantly (p˂0.05) raised in all age groups of patients in comparison to the healthy control group. The level of TLR4 in age group (51-60) years recorded high percentage (12.993) compared to other age groups.

Antibacterial and Anti-Biofilm Activities of Cinnamon Oil against Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Pneumonic Sheep and Goats

“…Additionally, all recovered isolates were sensitive to amikacin, imipenem, and norfloxacin, likely due to their occasional use in the veterinary field in Egypt. This finding aligns with the results of Ali and Abu-Zaid [ 31 ], who reported 100% sensitivity to norfloxacin among K. pneumoniae isolates recovered from small ruminants.…”

“…The results revealed an infection rate of 36% with K. pneumoniae in the studied animals. A previous study conducted in Egypt also reported a 36% infection rate of K. pneumoniae in pneumonic sheep and goats [ 31 ]. However, lower infection rates of 27.15% and 13.39% were reported in small ruminants with respiratory manifestations in Egypt [ 32 ] and Nigeria [ 33 ], respectively.…”

“…All isolates were resistant to at least three antimicrobials, and the majority showed resistance to several of the 18 tested antimicrobials. Previous studies on the antimicrobial susceptibility of K. pneumoniae isolated from pneumonic sheep and goats have reported different prevalence and patterns [ 5 , 31 , 32 , 42 ], which can be attributed to regional variations in antimicrobial use, the availability of over-the-counter antibiotics without prescriptions, and the level of veterinary services provided [ 32 ]. In Egypt, over-the-counter availability and extensive use of antimicrobials by smallholder breeders as prophylactics and growth promoters [ 43 , 44 ] may explain the high resistance rate observed in this study.…”

Prevalence of multidrug resistance and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae from dairy cattle farm wastewater in East Java Province, Indonesia

“…Next, 5 mL wastewater was mixed with 5 mL buffered peptone water (BPW) media at a concentration of 2% (1:1) (Oxoid, UK) and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. Isolates obtained on BPW media were streaked on MacConkey agar (MCA) media (Oxoid) [17]. Pink and mucoid colonies suspected of being K. pneumoniae were subcultured on Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMBA) (Oxoid) and incubated at 37°C for 24 h [18,19]. Colonies on EMBA media were subjected to Gram-staining and IMViC tests.…”

“…Klebsiella pneumoniae ferments lactose and reduces acid to produce pink colonies on MCA media. Klebsiella pneumoniae forms mucoid colonies on the media and has a large polysaccharide capsule [18]. Gram-stain results showed that the isolate was Gram-negative (Figure -2c) [29].…”