Immunological studies of aging. Decreased production of and response to T cell growth factor by lymphocytes from aged humans.

Gillis, Steven; Kozak, Robert W.; Durante, Mariaconcetta; Weksler, Marc E.

doi:10.1172/jci110143

Cited by 438 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that lymphocytes from the elderly produced significantly less IL-2 and IFN-γ, known as the most important T cell growth factors, than the lymphocytes from young adults (Gillis et al, 1981;Born et al, 1995;Huang et al, 1992;Sindermann et al, 1993;Kita et al, 1991;Paganelli et al, 1996). As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Restorative Effect Of Hemohim On the Responses Of Lymphocytementioning

confidence: 80%

Restoration of the immune functions in aged mice by supplementation with a new herbal composition, HemoHIM

Park¹,

Jo²,

Jung³

et al. 2007

Phytotherapy Research

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The effect of a new herbal composition, HemoHIM, on immune functions was examined in aged mice, in which various immune responses had been impaired. The composition HemoHIM was prepared by adding the ethanol-insoluble fraction to the total water extract of a mixture of three edible herbs, Angelica Radix, Cnidium Rhizoma and Paeonia Radix. Supplementation to the aged mice with HemoHIM restored the proliferative response and cytokine production of splenocytes with a response to ConA. Also, HemoHIM recovered the NK cell activity which had been impaired in the aged mice. Meanwhile aging is known to reduce the Th1-like function, but not the Th2-like function, resulting in a Th1/Th2 imbalance. HemoHIM restored the Th1/Th2 balance in the aged mice through enhanced IFN-γ γ γ γ γ and IgG2a production, and conversely a reduced IL-4 and IgG1 production. It was found that one factor for the Th1/Th2 imbalance in the aged mice was a lower production of IL-12p70. However, HemoHIM restored the IL-12p70 production in the aged mice. These results suggested that HemoHIM was effective for the restoration of impaired immune functions of the aged mice and therefore could be a good recommendation for immune restoration in elderly humans.

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Section: Restorative Effect Of Hemohim On the Responses Of Lymphocytementioning

confidence: 80%

Restoration of the immune functions in aged mice by supplementation with a new herbal composition, HemoHIM

Park¹,

Jo²,

Jung³

et al. 2007

Phytotherapy Research

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show abstract

“…The healthy elderly have an increased proportion of memory CD4 ϩ and CD8 ϩ T cells expressing the surface marker CD45RO and a decreased proportion of naive T cells expressing CD45RA (2)(3)(4), although the absolute and relative numbers of CD4 ϩ and CD8 ϩ T cells appear to remain unchanged with aging (1). Elderly individuals have decreased T cell proliferative responses to mitogens in vitro and less IL-2 secretion from Ag-stimulated T cells compared with young people (1,5,6), perhaps related to decreased expression of CD28, a costimulatory molecule critical for T cell activation (7,8). Studies of T cell cytokine synthesis in the elderly have yielded conflicting data.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Associated Change in the Frequency of Memory CD4+ T Cells Impairs Long Term CD4+ T Cell Responses to Influenza Vaccine

Kang

Hong

Nolasco

et al. 2004

The Journal of Immunology

182

113

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We investigated the relationship of memory CD4+ T cells with the evolution of influenza virus-specific CD4+ T cell responses in healthy young and elderly people. Elderly individuals had a similar frequency of CD69+CD4+ T cells producing IFN-γ and TNF-α at 1 wk, but a lower frequency of these CD4+ T cells at 3 mo after influenza vaccination. Although the elderly had a higher frequency of central memory (CM; CCR7+CD45RA−) CD4+ T cells, they had a significantly lower frequency of effector memory (EM; CCR7−CD45RA−) CD4+ T cells, and the frequency of the latter memory CD4+ T cells positively correlated with the frequency of influenza virus-specific CD69+CD4+ T cells producing IFN-γ at 3 mo. These findings indicate that the elderly have an altered balance of memory CD4+ T cells, which potentially affects long term CD4+ T cell responses to the influenza vaccine. Compared with the young, the elderly had decreased serum IL-7 levels that positively correlated with the frequency of EM cells, which suggests a relation between IL-7 and decreased EM cells. Thus, although the healthy elderly mount a level of CD4+ T cell responses after vaccination comparable to that observed in younger individuals, they fail to maintain or expand these responses. This failure probably stems from the alteration in the frequency of CM and EM CD4+ T cells in the elderly that is related to alteration in IL-7 levels. These findings raise an important clinical question about whether the vaccination strategy in the elderly should be modified to improve cellular immune responses.

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“…Theseresults suggest that the present patient was immunodeficient, although it is possible that the immunodeficiency was age-related because cellular immunity declines in association with aging in general (6). However, the impairment of the present patient's cellular immunity was apparently rather more severe than that in normal elderly individuals in respect to the PHA-response and IL-2 production capacity of lymphocytes (6,7). Although homogentisic acid itself is thought to be harmless to the organs ( 1), lymphocytes might be affected by high concentrations of the acid in serum and/or disturbance of its catabolism in the cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Alcaptonuria: A Case Complicated with Valvular Heart Disease and Immunodeficiency.

et al. 1994

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A 75-year-old man was diagnosed with alcaptonuria by direct identification of homogentisic acid in the urine using gas chromatography-massspectrometry. Complications included valvular heart disease with marked calcification detected by two-dimensional color-Doppler echocardiography and recurrent bacterial infection. Immunological analyses revealed a reduced number of T cells with compensatory expansion of CD56+, CD57+natural killer (NK) cell population and impaired functions of cellular immunity such as phytohemagglutinin response, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, NK activity and interleukin-2 production. Humoral immunity and neutrophil functions were considered to be normal. This is the first reported case of alcaptonuria to our knowledge in which immunological abnormality was documented. (Internal Medicine 33: 512-516, 1994)

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Immunological studies of aging. Decreased production of and response to T cell growth factor by lymphocytes from aged humans.

Cited by 438 publications

References 15 publications

Restoration of the immune functions in aged mice by supplementation with a new herbal composition, HemoHIM

Restoration of the immune functions in aged mice by supplementation with a new herbal composition, HemoHIM

Age-Associated Change in the Frequency of Memory CD4+ T Cells Impairs Long Term CD4+ T Cell Responses to Influenza Vaccine

Alcaptonuria: A Case Complicated with Valvular Heart Disease and Immunodeficiency.

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