Immunological state of adult germfree miniature minnesota pigs

Trávníček, J.; Mandel, L.; Trebichavský, I; Talafantová, M.

doi:10.1007/bf02823696

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…While blood cell counts are mainly influenced by the presence or absence of pathogens, elevated total protein levels in serum are considered to be influenced by stimulation with food antigens [20]. The observed significant RBC levels in the Aachen minipig, and subsequently the derived mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume levels, are in the physiological range and comparable to other breeds of minipigs and domestic pigs [21,22,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…It has been described that the higher exposure to pathogens or antigens in conventional husbandry results in elevated WBC, neutrophil counts, and clinical chemistry parameters such as albumin compared to gnotobiotic or SPF-housed pigs [20]. While blood cell counts are mainly influenced by the presence or absence of pathogens, elevated total protein levels in serum are considered to be influenced by stimulation with food antigens [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Aachen Minipig: Phenotype, Genotype, Hematological and Biochemical Characterization, and Comparison to the Göttingen Minipig

Pawlowsky

Ernst²,

Steitz³

et al. 2017

Eur Surg Res

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Background: The pig is one of the most frequently used large animal models for biomedical research, especially in the field of translational research and surgical models. While standard livestock breeds are used in short-term and acute studies, minipig breeds are the preferred breeds in long-term and chronic studies due to their limited growth and body weight. Objective: In consideration of the 3R principle (refinement, reduction, replacement) and the increasing demand, the aim of this study was to generate a new, robust, non-specific-pathogen-free minipig breed, the Aachen minipig. Methods: Phenotype, genotype, and hematological as well as clinical chemistry parameters were characterized, and reference values of the Aachen minipig were generated and compared to the values in the commonly used Göttingen minipig. Organ weights of the heart, kidney, liver, lung, spleen, and brain were determined using a laboratory balance. Blood samples were collected for hematology and clinical chemistry. Assessment of genetic diversity was performed by microsatellite markers. Nasal swabs were collected from 11 individual minipigs representing 6 races for DNA extraction. DNA was quantified and the identity and origin of the Aachen minipigs at the genomic level was determined by microsatellites. Results: The Aachen minipig established here is based on the Mini-LEWE breed and consists of the Vietnamese potbelly pig, the Schwäbisch Hällisch Landpig, the German Landrace, and the Minnesota minipig. Relative organ weights (lung, heart, kidneys, brain), hematology (hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet count, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, segmented neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, basophils), and clinical chemistry parameters (sodium, calcium, chloride, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, triglycerides, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, total bilirubin, total protein, creatine kinase) of the Aachen minipigs and the Göttingen minipigs were not significantly different. Significant differences where only seen in relative organ weights (liver, spleen), hematology (red blood cell count, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, white blood cell count, banded neutrophils, monocytes), and clinical chemistry parameters (inorganic phosphorus, potassium, glucose, cholesterol, albumin, amylase). Conclusion: The Aachen minipig is a suitable model for research due to its similarity to other minipig breeds, especially the Göttingen minipig. The reference values established in this study may be used for the comparison of scientific data and encourage the use of the Aachen minipig as an animal model for biomedical research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Aachen Minipig: Phenotype, Genotype, Hematological and Biochemical Characterization, and Comparison to the Göttingen Minipig

Pawlowsky

Ernst²,

Steitz³

et al. 2017

Eur Surg Res

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“…These studies concluded that piglets are immunocompetent at birth [22], albeit with a largely 'immature' immune system that has not been previously in contact with antigens, resulting in a primary immune response, a less developed mucosal immune response and lower repertoire diversity than in adults [182]. Piglets also constitute a unique material for studying the development of the postnatal immune response [120] without any other antigenic stimulus, since they can be reared in germ-free [179,222] and antigen-free environments [108,129]. However, certain characteristics of the porcine lymphoid system may affect the immune system, and thus require the development of appropriate cellular and molecular reagents and tools [184].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane markers of the immune cells in swine: an update

Piriou-Guzylack¹,

2008

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-Besides their breeding value, swine are increasingly used as biomedical models. As reported in three international swine clusters of differentiation (CD) workshops and in the animal homologue section of the last workshop for the determination of human leukocyte differentiation antigens (HLDA 8), characterisation of leukocyte surface antigens by monoclonal antibodies and other molecular studies have determined the cell lineages and blood leukocyte subsets implicated in the immune response, including cell adhesion molecules involved in cell trafficking. This review focusses on the current state of knowledge of porcine leukocyte differentiation and major histocompatibility complex (SLA) molecules. Examples of porcine particularities such as the double-positive T lymphocytes with the phenotype CD4 + CD8 low and CD4 − CD8 low T cell subsets and the persistence of SLA class II after T-lymphocyte activation are illustrated, as well as the shared characteristics of the Artiodactyla group, such as the high proportion of TcR (T cell receptor) T cells in blood and other lymphoid tissues. Furthermore, discrepancies between swine and humans, such as CD16 expression on dendritic cells and CD11b (wCD11R1) tissue distribution are outlined. The rapidly growing information should facilitate manipulation of the swine immune system towards improving disease control, and open new avenues for biomedical research using the pig as a model. cluster of differentiation (CD) / monoclonal antibody / immune system / histocompatibility system / pig

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“…However, to our knowledge, there have been few reports about the blood biochemistry for specific pathogen-free (SPF) miniature pigs, although simple hematology tests have been conducted in germ-free Minnesota miniature pigs [9,10]. In addition, normal values for blood biochemistry may be age-dependent, and only age-related changes in platelet activity have previously been reported [11,12].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of reference interval and age-related changes in serum biochemistry and hematology in the specific pathogen free miniature pig

et al. 2012

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We analyzed 72 items related to serum biochemistry and hematology in 85 specific pathogen-free (SPF) Seoul National University (SNU) miniature pigs aged 1- to 36-months which originated from a Minnesota miniature pig. Almost all examined items were similar between male and female pigs. However, some items such as Cr level, B/C ratio, C.R.F, LDH, LAP and T4 were significantly different between male and female pigs (P<0.05). Thirty four examined items showed age-related changes, and the significant changes were observed in animals less than six months old. The values for BUN, K, uric acid, Ca, Ca++, and Pi were significantly higher in pigs younger than six months of age, which might reflect poor kidney function in young pigs. Additionally, TIBC, UIBC and RDW were significantly higher in young pigs, and RBC, Hb, HCT, MCHC and MCV were significantly lower in young pigs, thus indicating a similar physiology of iron deficiency anemia. These age-related specific phenotypes seemed to be normal, but it should be considered in the long-term experiment using the young pigs. In conclusion, in this study, we defined the normal reference intervals for SPF SNU miniature pigs, and we also determined that there are some physiological differences between the pig genders and ages. This study provides fundamental data for use in experiments involving SPF SNU miniature pigs.

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Immunological state of adult germfree miniature minnesota pigs

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

The Aachen Minipig: Phenotype, Genotype, Hematological and Biochemical Characterization, and Comparison to the Göttingen Minipig

The Aachen Minipig: Phenotype, Genotype, Hematological and Biochemical Characterization, and Comparison to the Göttingen Minipig

Membrane markers of the immune cells in swine: an update

Analysis of reference interval and age-related changes in serum biochemistry and hematology in the specific pathogen free miniature pig

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