Immunological sex differences. A study of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, their relatives, and controls.

Rhodes, Katerina; Scott, And J. T.; Markham, Rebecca; Monk-Jones, M. E.

doi:10.1136/ard.28.2.104

Cited by 54 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…This rather selective effect on the IgM synthesis in vitro is in good agreement with in vivo observations; women of fertile age have higher serum IgM levels than do postmenopausal women or men (3,35). The early oral contraceptives, which contained high doses of estrogens, have also been found to raise the IgM levels in serum (36).…”

Section: Effect Of Estradiol On Pfc On Day 6 In S Aureus-stimulated supporting

confidence: 74%

Sex hormone regulation of in vitro immune response. Estradiol enhances human B cell maturation via inhibition of suppressor T cells in pokeweed mitogen-stimulated cultures.

Paavonen¹,

Andersson²,

Adlercreutz³

1981

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

247

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Higher serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels are usually observed in females more than in males of several mammalian species, including man. Females also show a quantitatively and qualitatively enhanced capacity to produce antibodies after immunization (1-7). Moreover, during their fertile period, women have remarkably higher incidences of autoimmune diseases (8, 9). On the other hand, reports exist (10) indicating that males have stronger cell-mediated responses than females. These sexdependent differences in the mode and magnitude of immune reactivities are largely abolished by castration (11). A regulatory influence on the immune system has therefore been attributed to the main sex hormones (reviewed in 12).The cellular mechanisms involved in the sex hormone-induced immunomodulation are yet to be clarified. There are reports (13,14) indicating that estradiol displays its immunoregulatory effect through the thymus, but the relevant cellular target sites for sex hormone activity in the immune system are not known.We studied the effect of estradiol and testosterone on human blood lymphocytes in pokeweed mitogen (PWM)l-stimulated cultures. We found that addition of physiological concentrations ofestradiol to PWM cultures enhanced the B cell differentiation without affecting the proliferative response. This effect was not obtained with testosterone. Cell fractionation studies revealed that estradiol apparently displays its effect by inhibiting the activity of a suppressor T cell population. Materials and Methods Human Blood Lymphocytes.Human blood mononuclear leukocytes were purified from the buffy coats of 400-ml blood units obtained from healthy male and female volunteers and were *

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Section: Effect Of Estradiol On Pfc On Day 6 In S Aureus-stimulated supporting

confidence: 74%

Sex hormone regulation of in vitro immune response. Estradiol enhances human B cell maturation via inhibition of suppressor T cells in pokeweed mitogen-stimulated cultures.

Paavonen¹,

Andersson²,

Adlercreutz³

1981

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

247

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“…Rhodes et al (1969) showed rather similar differences in the proportions of immunoglobulins between the sexes. The relative lack of these last two types of antibody, and of secretory proteins, may indicate why women succumbed more to infection than men, as also shown by epidemiological studies (Lidwell & Sommerville, 1951;Lidwell & Williams, 1961 a).…”

mentioning

confidence: 68%

Effect of specific humoral immunity and some non-specific factors on resistance of volunteers to respiratory coronavirus infection

Callow

1985

J. Hyg.

117

118

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SUMMARYThirty-three volunteers were inoculated intranasally with coronavirus 229E, and their responses monitored by antibody rises, symptomatology and virus excretion. These were related to their pre-trial immune status as indicated by concentrations of specific antibodies and non-specific proteins in serum and nasal washings. Both circulating and local specific antibodies were associated with protection from infection and disease, but only specific IgA antibodies of either type appeared to shorten the period of virus shedding. Although total secretory IgA was significantly associated only with reduction of symptoms, total protein in nasal washings appeared to protect against infection also, indicating that other locally produced proteins, not identified, may be associated with resistance.Two of the many factors which may affect the concentration of circulating and local protective proteins and thus influence the outcome of virus inoculation, namely, sex of the volunteer and the interval since the previous cold, were examined. Male volunteers or volunteers who had had evidence of a recent respiratory infection were less likely to be infected, but if they were infected, they had lower clinical scores and stopped shedding virus earlier than the rest. These groups possessed higher concentrations of specific antibodies and non-specific proteins in their pre-challenge sera and/or nasal washings. The significance of these findings is discussed.

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“…41). Of note, both FCGR3A and IL13 have specific effector functions that regulate immunoglobulin levels, which are typically higher among women (42).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Common Genetic Variant inFCGR3A-V158F and Risk of Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus Infection and Classic Kaposi Sarcoma

Brown

Fallin

Goedert

et al. 2005

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Associations of FCGR3A among men with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome suggest that host responses affect the pathogenesis of Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) infection and risk of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome -associated Kaposi sarcoma. Using DNA from two HIV seronegative case-control populations in Italy, we examined whether the functional FCGR3A-V158F variant was associated with risk of KSHV infection or classic Kaposi sarcoma (CKS). In population I, we examined FCGR3A variants and risk of KSHV infection in 34 KSHV latent nuclear antigen (LANA)-seropositive and 120 LANAseronegative adults from Sardinia (52% male; median age, 45 years; range, 31-60), whereas in population II, we examined risk of CKS from 133 CKS cases and 172 KSHV LANA-seropositive controls from Sicily, Rome, and Naples (70% males; median age, 74 years; range, 29-91). FCGR3A variants were determined by direct sequence analysis of a nested PCR of genomic DNA assay using allele-specific primers. KSHV LANA was determined by immunofluorescence assay. Overall, compared with the 158F allele, 158V was overrepresented among controls from both Mediterranean populations (frequency = 0.52 and 0.51, respectively). After controlling for age, 158V homozygous women were at increased risk of KSHV infection and CKS compared with 158F homozygous women [odds ratio (OR), 8.7; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.8-98 and OR, 3.8; 95% CI, 1.0-14, respectively], whereas homozygous men were at decreased risk (OR, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.1-2.3 and OR, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2-0.8, respectively). Significant gene-dose effects were observed among men and women at risk for CKS (P trend V V V 0.05). Our findings suggest that gender differences could possibly modify the effect of FCGR3A on risk of KSHV infection and CKS. Additional studies are required to confirm these relationships and determine their etiologic significance.

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Immunological sex differences. A study of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, their relatives, and controls.

Cited by 54 publications

References 44 publications

Sex hormone regulation of in vitro immune response. Estradiol enhances human B cell maturation via inhibition of suppressor T cells in pokeweed mitogen-stimulated cultures.

Sex hormone regulation of in vitro immune response. Estradiol enhances human B cell maturation via inhibition of suppressor T cells in pokeweed mitogen-stimulated cultures.

Effect of specific humoral immunity and some non-specific factors on resistance of volunteers to respiratory coronavirus infection

A Common Genetic Variant inFCGR3A-V158F and Risk of Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus Infection and Classic Kaposi Sarcoma

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