Immunological options for the treatment of tuberculosis: evaluation of novel therapeutic approaches

Achkar, Jacqueline M.; Casadevall, Arturo; Glatman‐Freedman, Aharona

doi:10.1586/14787210.5.3.461

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…corticosteroids) in certain TB cases, such as tuberculous meningitis and pericarditis, is further evidence of host damage by a strong immune response. 21–24 Therefore, one of the possible hypotheses for the independent association of decreasing age with hemoptysis is pulmonary damage caused by a more aggressive immune response in earlier compared to later adult life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Independent association of younger age with hemoptysis in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis

Achkar

Joseph

2012

int j tuberc lung dis

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Background The risk factors for mild to moderate hemoptysis in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) are not entirely clear. The objective of this study was to evaluate factors for their independent association with the occurrence of hemoptysis in patients with PTB. Design Cross-sectional study of adult patients newly diagnosed with microbiologically proven PTB in a New York City hospital. Patients were categorized into subjects with and without hemoptysis and compared via univariate analysis. Independent associations of variables with hemoptysis were estimated with multivariate logistic regression. Results Of 194 subjects with PTB, 44 (23%) had hemoptysis. In univariate analysis, subjects with hemoptysis were significantly younger (p=0.003) and more likely to be undocumented foreign-born (p=0.038) compared to subjects without hemoptysis. In multivariate analysis, only younger age was independently associated with hemoptysis. This association was significant for a continuous decrease in age per year, or per decade (ORadj 1.59; p=0.003). Conclusions Younger age is an independent risk factor for hemoptysis in PTB. It is conceivable that a stronger inflammatory response in younger compared to older age could contribute to pulmonary pathogenesis and injury in PTB.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Independent association of younger age with hemoptysis in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis

Achkar

Joseph

2012

int j tuberc lung dis

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“…In a mouse model of TB, IFN-γ was found to improve the ability of immune cells to engulf and kill M. tuberculosis. Thus, IFNγ is a promising treatment for drug-resistant TB or MDR-TB (7). However, a recent study found that IFN-γ was not as efficacious as expected.…”

Section: Recombinant Human γ-Interferon (Rh-ifn-γ)mentioning

confidence: 97%

Immunotherapy for Tuberculosis: what's the better choice?

Guo

Zhao²

2012

Front Biosci

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A Th1/Th2 imbalance in tuberculosis (TB) patients caused by a decreased Th1 response and an increased Th2 response is a significant factor in the pathogenesis and development of TB. Protective immune responses to TB include bacteriostatic and bactericidal responses. Unfortunately, however, immunoprotection and immune pathology co-exist in TB patients. Immunotherapy for TB principally aims to restore the Th1/Th2 balance by enhancing the Th1 response and suppressing the excessive Th2 response. Immunotherapy for TB can be classified into three categories: immune-enhancing therapy using cytokines, immunosuppressive therapy, and immunomodulatory therapy. Immunomodulatory therapy targets the Th1/Th2 imbalance and includes cytokine regulation therapy, antibody regulation therapy, a multi-dose heat-inactivated Mycobacterium vaccae vaccine, thymosin hormones and a DNA vaccine. A new approach in supplementary TB immunotherapy is to simultaneously up-regulate the Th1 response and down-regulate the Th2 response. While immunotherapy can contribute to TB treatment, it may also cause immunopathological injury. Therefore, immunotherapy needs to be improved and further studied to maximize its potential.

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“…These antigens were selected because of their immunogenicity. The two proteins MS and MPT51 have promising potential for the serodiagnosis of TB (reviewed in reference 16), and studies have indicated that Abs to AM could mediate protection against TB (1,8). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were performed basically as previously described (3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between Serum and Plasma Antibody Titers to Mycobacterial Antigens

Siev

Prados-Rosales

et al. 2011

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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The ability to utilize serum or plasma samples interchangeably is useful for tuberculosis (TB) serology. We demonstrate a strong correlation between antibody titers to several mycobacterial antigens in serum versus plasma from HIV-infected and non-HIV-infected TB and non-TB patients (r ‫؍‬ 0.99 to 0.89; P < 0.0001). Plasma and serum can be used interchangeably in the same antibody detection assays.

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Immunological options for the treatment of tuberculosis: evaluation of novel therapeutic approaches

Cited by 11 publications

References 111 publications

Independent association of younger age with hemoptysis in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis

Independent association of younger age with hemoptysis in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis

Immunotherapy for Tuberculosis: what's the better choice?

Correlation between Serum and Plasma Antibody Titers to Mycobacterial Antigens

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