Immunological Detection of Botulinum Neurotoxins

Ekong, Theresa

doi:10.1006/anae.1999.0322

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A wealth of immunoassay formats for the detection of botulinum neurotoxins have been reported. Compared with the mouse test, the immunoassays are technically simple and fast to perform and interpret (58). Although many of the earliest assays, such as radioimmunoassay (15,23), gel diffusion assay (69,152,210), passive hemagglutination assay (114), and the early applications of enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (47,164,177) have poor sensitivities or specificities, the recent developments in signal amplification have enabled sensitivities equal to that of the mouse bioassay (Table 2).…”

Section: Detection Of Botulinum Neurotoxinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Diagnostics of Botulism

2006

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SUMMARY Botulism is a potentially lethal paralytic disease caused by botulinum neurotoxin. Human pathogenic neurotoxins of types A, B, E, and F are produced by a diverse group of anaerobic spore-forming bacteria, including Clostridium botulinum groups I and II, Clostridium butyricum, and Clostridium baratii. The routine laboratory diagnostics of botulism is based on the detection of botulinum neurotoxin in the patient. Detection of toxin-producing clostridia in the patient and/or the vehicle confirms the diagnosis. The neurotoxin detection is based on the mouse lethality assay. Sensitive and rapid in vitro assays have been developed, but they have not yet been appropriately validated on clinical and food matrices. Culture methods for C. botulinum are poorly developed, and efficient isolation and identification tools are lacking. Molecular techniques targeted to the neurotoxin genes are ideal for the detection and identification of C. botulinum, but they do not detect biologically active neurotoxin and should not be used alone. Apart from rapid diagnosis, the laboratory diagnostics of botulism should aim at increasing our understanding of the epidemiology and prevention of the disease. Therefore, the toxin-producing organisms should be routinely isolated from the patient and the vehicle. The physiological group and genetic traits of the isolates should be determined.

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Section: Detection Of Botulinum Neurotoxinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Diagnostics of Botulism

2006

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“…The reporter enzyme converts a chromogenic substrate into a colored product which is spectroscopically quantified and signal is compared to a standard calibration curve and the toxin quantity is calculated. Essential drawback of standard ELISA is sensitivity, because it is from 10 to 100 times lower than mouse lethality assay (Ekong 2000). The sensitivity of traditional sandwich ELISA could be upgrading by using biotin -labeled antibodies (Scother et al 2013).…”

Section: Immunological Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods and difficulties in detection of Clostridium botulinum and its toxins

Grenda¹,

Kukier²,

Kwiatek³

2014

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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The aim of this work was to present selected data regarding traditional and modern methods for C. botulinum and its toxins detection. In this article, methods based on culturing techniques, mouse bioassay, immunological techniques, chromatography and PCR, PFGE, RFLP, AFLP are described. The mentioned techniques were evaluated considering their usefulness in the samples examination, genotyping of strains and the diagnostics of botulism.

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Immunological Detection of Botulinum Neurotoxins

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Laboratory Diagnostics of Botulism

Laboratory Diagnostics of Botulism

Methods and difficulties in detection of Clostridium botulinum and its toxins

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